Digestive System Lec & Lab Flashcards by MA. CRISANDRA JOYCE HERRERA

composed of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, anus

Digestive Tract / Gastrointestinal Tract

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Layers of Digestive Tract Wall

Esophagus / Small Intestine

Circular
Longitudinal

Stomach

Oblique
Circular
Longitudinal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Consists of mucous epithelium, lamina propria (loose connective
tissue), muscularis mucosae (thin smooth muscle layer)

Mucosa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Consists of circular smooth muscle (inner), longitudinal smooth
muscle (outer)

Muscularis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

w/ serosa

Peritoneum

without serosa= ADVENTITIA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Retroperotoneal oragans

Kidney
Pancreas
Doudenum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

connective tissue sheets that hold the abdominal cavity
organs in place

double layer of peritoneum

Mesenteries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

connects the lesser curvature of the stomach

to the liver and diaphragm

Lesser Omentum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

connects the greater curvature of the

stomach to the transverse colon and posterior body wall

Greater Ommentum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

plays a major role in the process of swallowing; major sensory
organ for taste; one of the major organs of speech; houses taste buds and
mucus

Tongue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

T or f

30 teeth in adult and baby

False

32-Adult
20-Baby

Incisor & Canine - cutting
Premolars & Molars - chrushing food

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

parts of tooth

Crown
Cusp
Neck
Root

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

bonelike tissue that surrounds the pulp cavity

dentin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

center of the tooth

contains blood vessels nerves, and pulp (connective tissue)

Pulp Cavity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

extremely hard acellular substance

covers the dentin of the tooth drown
protects against abrasions

Enael

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Largest Salivary Duct?
Medium?
Smallest

Parotid
Mandibular
Lingual

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

– enzyme that has weak antibacterial action

lyzozyme`

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Breaks large food particles into many small ones

Mastication

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Helps keep the oral cavity moist

Contains enzymes that begin the process of digestion

Saliva

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phases of Swallowing

Voluntary
Pharyngeal
Esophageal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

T or F

mixing and peristalsis in small intestine

False

sa pharynx upto cardiac oopening presitalsis lang
sa stomach ang mixing and peristalsis
sa si and peristalsis and segmental

in Large intestine
mas movement

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

T or F

stomach can hold up to 4L of food

F, 2L lang kaya

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

produces mucus

goblet cell

T or F

stomach has compact villi and more spaces in between
Small intestine is slightly compact but w/ longer villi

T or F the stomach is stimulated to contract by low blood glucose levels usually 12 -24 hours after meal (hypoglycemic)

True

3 parts of Stomach

Cardiac Opening Fundus Body Pyloric (canal and anterior)

produce hydrochloric acid & intrinsic factor

Parietal Cells

chief cell oroduces

Pesinogen (= if added to HCl- = Pepsin)

kills microorganisms and activates pepsin.

hydrochloric acid

breaks covalent bond of proteins to form smaller peptide chains.

Pepsin

lubricates and protects epithelial cells from the damaging effect of acidic chime and pepsin.

Stomach

binds with vitamin B12

Intrinsicc Factor

factors increase stomach secretions

- parasympatethic stimulation - gastrin - histamine

inhibitory of stomach secretions

Chlolecystokinin | Secretin

stomach secretions are initiated by the sight, smell, taste, or thought of food

Cephalic Phase

partially digested proteins and distention of the stomach promote secretion

Gastric Phase

acidic chyme in the duodenum stimulates neuronal reflexes and the secretion of hormones that inhibit gastric secretions by negative feedback loops

Intestinal phase

released from | the duodenum in response to low pH

secretin

released | from the duodenum initiated by fatty acids and peptides

Cholecystokinin

- Major site of digestion and absorption of food - Chyme takes 3 to 5 hours to pass through - Contains enzymes to further breakdown food - Contains secretions for protection against the acidity of chyme

Small Intestine

2/5 of small intestine

jejunum

3/5 of SI

Ileum

have microvilli, produce digestive enzymes, absorb | digested food

Absorptive Cells

The ileocecal sphincter at the juncture of the ileum and the ileocecal valve prevents movement from the large intestine back into the ileum.

movement of peristalsis

Functions of Liver

1. Digestion 2. Excretion 3. Nutrient storage 4. Nutrient conversion 5. Detoxification of harmful chemicals 6. Synthesis of new molecules

Liver has 5 Lobes T or F?

False 4 lang Right Lobbe Left Lobe Caudate Lobe Quadrate Lobe

Portal Triad

Hepatic:

PORTAL TRIAD

Hepatic : ARTERY, DUCT, VEIN

stores bile

gallbladder

moves food through digestive tract includes swallowing and peristalsis

Propolsion

break down small peptides into | tripeptides

Peptidases

T or F Approximately 9 liters of water enters the digestive tract - Approximately 2 liters from food & drink and remaining 7 liters is from digestive secretions

mild anti bacterial in mouth?

lyzozyme

T or f stomach is more on carbohydrates digestion

F more on protein sa stomach

main energy source? secondary? tertiary?

Carbohydrate Lipids Proteins