DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND ENZYMES Flashcards
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To break down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body.
True or False: Enzymes are required for the digestion of food.
True
Fill in the blank: The main enzyme in saliva is called ______.
amylase
What are the four main types of macromolecules that enzymes help to digest?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
What organ is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?
The small intestine.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following enzymes breaks down proteins? A) Amylase B) Lipase C) Pepsin D) Cellulase
C) Pepsin
What is the role of bile in digestion?
To emulsify fats, making them easier to digest.
True or False: The stomach has a neutral pH.
False
What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid.
Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down food into smaller components is called ______.
digestion
What is the role of the large intestine?
To absorb water and electrolytes, and to form and store feces.
Multiple Choice: What type of enzyme breaks down carbohydrates? A) Protease B) Amylase C) Lipase D) Nuclease
B) Amylase
What is the first part of the digestive system where food enters?
The mouth.
True or False: Enzymes can be reused after they catalyze a reaction.
True
What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
To create an acidic environment for enzyme activity and to kill pathogens.
Fill in the blank: The enzyme ______ is responsible for breaking down lipids.
lipase
What is the significance of villi in the small intestine?
They increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients.
Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is responsible for storing bile? A) Liver B) Gallbladder C) Pancreas D) Stomach
B) Gallbladder
What are enzymes made of?
Proteins.
True or False: The digestive process begins in the stomach.
False
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach.
esophagus
What is the role of digestive enzymes?
To catalyze the breakdown of food macromolecules into smaller molecules.
Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is found in the stomach? A) Amylase B) Pepsin C) Lactase D) Sucrase
B) Pepsin
What is the purpose of chewing food?
To mechanically break it down and mix it with saliva for easier digestion.
True or False: Nutrient absorption occurs mainly in the large intestine.
False
What is chyme?
The semi-liquid mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach.
Fill in the blank: The primary site of chemical digestion is the ______.
small intestine
