Digestive System Flashcards
Food is chewed in the mouth and mixed with _________?
saliva
In the stomach, the food is mixed with _____________.
gastric juices
Food travels down the __________ into the stomach.
oesophagus
Food leaves the stomach and travels to the ___________.
small intestine
_________ are absorbed into the blood.
nutrients
The process by which the body breaks down food so that it can be used for energy.
digestion
Which 2 organs store solid waste then allow it to pass through and leave the body?
Rectum and Anus
Why do we need food to break apart the food we eat?
So our bodies can use the nutrients from the food
As waste moves through the digestive system, the ______ absorbs water before storing waste in the rectum.
Large intestine
In what structures does chemical digestion occur?
Mouth and Stomach
What structure normally keeps stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus?
lower esophageal sphincter
enzyme digests proteins?
trypsin, chymotrypsin
Which organs are included in the lower GI tract?
small and large intestine
Parts of the small intestine
Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum
parts of the large intestine
Ascending, Transverse and Descending colon
Which enzyme below is involved in the following chemical digestion process?
FATS—->FATTY ACIDS/GLYCEROL
Lipase
______carries out most of the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine,
jejunum
_____carries out any remaining digestion and absorption of nutrients, but its main function is to absorb vitamin B12 and bile salts.
ileum
Remove water and salts from chyme for recycling within the body and eliminating the remaining solid feces from the body through the anus.
large intestine
The main digestive function of the____ is the production of the alkaline liquid called bile.
liver
The_____ stores and concentrates bile from the liver until it is needed in the duodenum to neutralize chyme and help digest lipids.
gallbladder
helps to digest starch and other carbohydrates
amylase
helps to digest lipids
lipase
help to digest nucleic acids
deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases
What are two substances produced by accessory organs of digestion that help neutralize chyme in the small intestine?
bicarbonate and bile
Which accessory organ of digestion synthesizes cholesterol?
liver
