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Anatomy > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

0
Q

What tissue type is the outer layer of the tunica adventitia (serosa)?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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1
Q

What are the four layers of the alimentary canal?

A

Tunica adventitia (serosa), muscularis externa, submucosa, and mucosa

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2
Q

What is the second most superficial tissue type of the tunica adventitia (serosa)?

A

Loose connective tissue

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3
Q

What is the function of the tunica adventitia (serosa)?

A

Binding and protection of the GI tract

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4
Q

What are the two layers of the muscularis externa?

A

Longitudinal and circular

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5
Q

What tissue type is the submucosa?

A

Loose connective tissue

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6
Q

What are the layers of the mucosa?

A

Muscularis mucosa, laminate propria, epithelium

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7
Q

How many deciduous teeth are present?

A

20

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8
Q

What is the normal amount of adult teeth?

A

32

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9
Q

What do zymogenic cells (chief cells) produce?

A

Pepsinogen

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10
Q

Pepsinogen is activated by __________, which converts it into pepsin, a ___________ enzyme.

A

gastric acid; proteolytic

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11
Q

What do parietal cells produce?

A

Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

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12
Q

What is the function of intrinsic factor?

A

Facilitates the absorption of B12 across the intestinal border

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13
Q

G cells are what kind of cells?

A

Enteroendocrine cells.

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14
Q

What do G cells produce?

A

Gastrin

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15
Q

What produces mucus in the stomach?

A

Goblet (mucus) cells

16
Q

What are the two sphincters in the stomach?

A

Cardiac sphincter and pyloric sphincter

17
Q

What arterial trunk supplies the entire stomach?

A

Celiac trunk

18
Q

What artery supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

Left gastric artery

19
Q

What artery supplies the fundus and the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

Splenic artery (via the left gastroepiploic artery)

20
Q

What supplies the greater and lesser curvatures of the pylorus?

A

Common hepatic artery (via the right gastroepiploic artery and gastroduodenal arteries)

21
Q

Parasympathetic inner action to the stomach comes from ___________.

A

the vagus nerve

22
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the stomach comes from _________.

A

the celiac plexus

23
Q

What percentage of nutrient absorption occurs in the stomach?

A

90%

24
Q

What is the surface area of the small intestine?

A

2200+ cm^2

25
Q

What is the rate of peristalsis in the small intestine?

A

~15 contractions/min

Anatomy (5 decks)

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