Blood Study Questions Flashcards
What is normal hematocrit for females?
37-48%
What is normal hematocrit for males?
42-54%
What is the pH of blood?
7.35-7.45
slightly alkaline
What is average blood volume for males?
5-6 liters
What is average blood volume for females?
4-5 liters
What percent of your body weight does blood make up?
8%
How much is a unit of blood?
1/2 liter
How long do erythrocytes live for?
~120 days
~4 months
At what rate are erythrocytes produced?
2.5 million cells per second
What is normal RBC count for males?
5.1-5.8 million per cubic mL
What is normal RBC count for females?
4.3-5.2 million per cubic mL
In which bones does erythropoiesis occur?
Humerus, femur, ribs, sternum, pelvis, and portions of the skull
What is the technical name for platelets?
Thrombocytes
Platelets are fragments of what cell?
Megakaryocytes
What is normal platelet count?
130,000-360,000 per cubic mL
What is normal leukocyte count?
5,000-10,000 per cubic mL
What are the five major kinds of leukocytes?
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils
Which leukocytes are granulocytes?
Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Which leukocytes are agranulocytes?
Lymphocytes and monocytes
What is the function of eosinophils?
Increase in number in response to parasitic infection.
Granules stain red with eosin.
What is the function of basophils?
Contain histamine.
Base-loving granules that stain blue with hematoxylin.
What is the function of neutrophils?
Among the first to respond to inflammatory stimuli.
Phagocytize foreign material.
What percentage of WBC count do neutrophils make up?
54-62%
What is another name for neutrophils?
Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs)
What are the three major types of lymphocytes?
B cells, T cells, and NK cells
What is the function of B cells?
Produce antibodies
What are the three types of T cells?
Cytotoxic (CD8+), helper (CD4+), and suppressor (CD4+)
What is the function of NK cells?
Destroy cells that lack normal receptors
What is the function of monocytes?
Can differentiate into macrophages, which eat foreign material
What percentage of blood volume does plasma compose?
~55%
What is the difference between plasma and serum?
Serum is plasma that is lacking fibrinogens
What percent of plasma do proteins comprise?
~8%
What are the three protein components of plasma?
Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogens
What is the most abundant protein component of plasma, and how much does it make up?
Albumins comprise ~60% of the protein component of plasma
What are fibrinogens?
Large proteins that play a role in clotting
What is the function of albumins?
Gives blood the viscosity needed to maintain blood volume and temperature
Where is albumin produced?
The liver
What are the three types of globulins?
α (alpha), β (beta), and γ (gamma)
What is the function of α (alpha) globulins?
Assist in transporting lipids, including fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
Where are α (alpha) globulins produced?
Synthesized in the liver
What is the function of β (beta) globulins?
Assist in transporting lipids, including fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
Where are β (beta) globulins produced?
Synthesized in the liver
What is the function of γ (gamma) globulins?
They are antibodies
Where are γ (gamma) globulins produced?
Produced by B cells
What are the other components of blood?
Water, inorganic salts, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids, hormones, vitamins
Where are fibrinogens produced?
The liver
