Digestive System Flashcards
Anus
The opening at the end of the digestive tract where stool (feces) is expelled
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
Appendectomy
Surgical removal of the appendix
Ascites
A collection of abnormal intrapetitoneal fluid that can result from conditions such as liver disease and ovarian cancer
Cardiac sphincter
A muscular ring that controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach
Colon
Large intestine (bowel)
Common bile duct
Tube carrying bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine
Crown
The part of the tooth visible above the gum line
Digestion
The process of changing the composition of food so it can be used by the body cells
Duodenum
First part of the small intestine
Enamel
Enamel covers the crown and is the hardest substance in the body
Enema
A solution introduced into the rectum by a tube
Esophagus
Tube leading from the throat to the stomach
Feces
Waste material from the digestive tract that is expelled from the body through the rectum and anus
Gallbladder
Sac below the liver that stores bile and delivers it to the small intestine
Gavage
A liquid is introduced into the stomach through a tube via the nose
Gingiva
Gums
Ileum
Last part of the small intestine
Jejunum
Second part of the small intestine
Lavage
Process where an organ is washed out
Liver
Organ in the RUQ of the abdomen which produces bile, stores sugar and produces blood clotting proteins
Lower GI tract
Small and large bowels
Palate
The structure that forms the roof of the mouth
Pancreas
Produces insulin
Peristalsis
Wavelike contractions of smooth muscle that move food through the digestive tract
Pharynx
Aka (throat) receives swallowed food and delivers it to the esophagus. Receives air from the nose and passes it to the trachea.
Pyloric sphincter
Muscular ring at the end of the stomach that controls the release of chyme (partially digested food) from the pyloric section of the stomach to the duodenum
Rectum
End portion of the colon
Sigmoid colon
S-shaped lower portion of the colon
Sphincter
A circular band of muscle fibres that constricts a
passage or closes a natural opening of the body
Stomach
Organ that receives food from the esophagus and sends it to the small intestine
Upper GI tract (UGI)
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus and the stomach
Anorexia
Loss of appetite usually prolonged.
