Digestive System

Question 1

Function of digestive system

Answer 1

For digestion

Question 2

Stages of digestion (4)

Answer 2

Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Egestion

Question 3

Taking in of food

Answer 3

Ingestion

Question 4

Breaking down of food into nutrients

Answer 4

Digestion

Question 5

Taking in of nutrients by cells with the help of circulatory system

Answer 5

Absorption

Question 6

Removing of any leftover waste

Answer 6

Egestion

Question 7

Types of Digestion (2)

Answer 7

Mechanical, Chemical

Question 8

Difference between mechanical and chemical

Answer 8

Chemical involves enzymes

Question 9

Examples of mechanical digestion

Answer 9

chewing/masticating, grinding, mashing, tearing

Question 10

Direct path between organs

Answer 10

Gastrointestinal Tract

Question 11

Structure of GI Tract (in order!)

Answer 11

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Question 12

Enzyme that converts glucose to starch; breaks down carbohydrates; first enzyme food will encounter

Answer 12

Salivary Amylase

Question 13

Food after encountering Salivary Amylase

Answer 13

bolus

Question 14

Where bolus passes; throat

Answer 14

Pharynx

Question 15

Flap-like structure at the back of the pharynx that closes over the trachea preventing food from entering it

Answer 15

Epiglottis

Question 16

Wind-pipe

Answer 16

Trachea

Question 17

10 inches long that secretes mucus; moves food from pharynx to stomach in peristalsis

Answer 17

Esophagus

Question 18

For lubrication of food

Answer 18

Mucus

Question 19

J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food one eats for 3-5 hours; mixes bolus with digestive juices that contain enzymes to break down proteins and lipids

Answer 19

Stomach

Question 20

Bolus in stomach

Answer 20

Chyme

Question 21

Acid in stomach; protects digestive tract from bacteria

Answer 21

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 22

Where bolus will pass through to enter the stomach

Answer 22

Lower Esophageal Sphincter

Question 23

Folds in the stomach; mixes food in the stomach

Answer 23

Rugae

Question 24

Protects lining of the stomach from acid

Answer 24

Mucus

Question 25

Where chyme leaves stomach

Answer 25

Pyloric Sphincter

Question 26

7 meters long; for absorption of nutrients

Answer 26

Small Intestine

Question 27

Finger-like structure that increases surface area

Answer 27

Villi

Question 28

Covers villi

Answer 28

microvilli

Question 29

Parts of the small intestine (3)

Answer 29

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

Question 30

Contains bile

Answer 30

Duodenum

Question 31

Function of bile

Answer 31

Emulsification of fats

Question 32

Majority of absorption takes place here

Answer 32

Jejunum

Question 33

Compacts leftovers so chyme can pass through to enter the large intestine

Answer 33

Ileum

Question 34

Makes pancreatic juice to reduce acidity

Answer 34

Pancreas

Question 35

5 ft. long; for re-absorption of water; accepts what small intestine does not absorb

Answer 35

Large Intestine or colon

Question 36

Short term storage that holds feces before excretion

Answer 36

Rectum

Question 37

Where feces come out

Answer 37

Anus

Question 38

Accessory organs of digestive system (3)

Answer 38

Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas

Question 39

Produces bile; filters out toxins and waste

Answer 39

Liver

Question 40

Stores bile

Answer 40

Gall Bladder

Question 41

Produces insulin that regulates blood sugar

Answer 41

Pancreas