Cell Cycle and Division Flashcards
It is a part of the chromosome that links sister chromatids.
Centromere
It is a part of the chromosome where the spindle fibers attach during cell division to pull sister chromatids apart.
Kinetochore
It is a single strand of chromosome.
Chromatin
These are multiple strands of chromatin.
Chromatid
These are the steps in Interphase. (4)
Gap (G) 0, G1, Synthesis, G2 (all numbers are subscripts!)
This step is for all that don’t divide like brain cells and RBC.
G0
In this step, cells manufacture proteins, ribosome and mitochondria for preparation of DNA replication. Also, cells increase in size.
G1
In this step, enzymes replicate the DNA.
Synthesis
This step is for synthesizing proteins that prepares cell for cell division.
G2
It is the process of nucleus division in which replicated chromosomes separate and form 2 daughter cells with nuclei, genetically identical with each other. This division is for somatic or non-sex cells.
Mitosis
This is the cell division for gametes or sex cells. It divides twice.
Meiosis
These are the phases of mitosis. (4)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
In this phase, chromosomes become visible, nucleolus disappear, spindle fibers form and attach to the chromosomes at the centromere.
Prophase
In this phase, spindles of microtubules align the chromosome in the middle of the spindle.
Metaphase
In this phase, centrioles split and pull the chromosome toward opposite poles.
Anaphase
In this phase, chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, spindle fibers dissolve, nuclear envelope reappear, cleavage furrow develop at the center, and preparatory events are reversed.
Telophase.
It is the division of cytoplasm.
Cytokinesis
This is the division of nucleus.
Karyokinesis
This is the result of Mitosis
2 daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes.
These are the phases of Meiosis.
Meiosis I and II
This phase of Meiosis results to 2 daughter diploid cells. It also has PMAT.
Meiosis I
This phase of Meiosis results to 4 daughter haploid cells. It also has PMAT.
Meiosis II
This occurs during Meiosis I. It is based on the law of Independent Assortment.
Crossover
