Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Digestion

A

The process in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules by hydrolysis.

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2
Q

Define Absorbtion

A

Taking soluble molecules into the body

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3
Q

Define Assimilation

A

Incorporating absorbed molecules into the body tissue

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4
Q

Names the parts of the body that food passes through, in order

A

Mouth,Oesophagus,Stomach,Small intestine,Large intestine,Rectum,Anus

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5
Q

What helps the small intestine with absorption?

A

Villi and micro villi create a large surface area.

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6
Q

What is physical breakdown?

A

When large food is broken down by teeth which maks it possible to ingest the food

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7
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

Breaks down large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules. Things are broken down by digestive enzymes.

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8
Q

What do glands produce that helps break down large molecules?

A

Enzymes

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9
Q

What is another name for the large intestine?

A

Colon

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10
Q

What is another name for small intestine?

A

Ileum

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11
Q

Why does the stomach have a mucus lining?

A

To prevent it from digesting itself

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12
Q

What do all digestive enzymes function by?

A

Hydrolysis

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of digestive enzymes?

A

Carbohydrases,lipase and protease

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14
Q

How is the stomach adapted to churn food?

A

It is a muscular sac with an inner layer that produces enzymes

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15
Q

What is hydrolysis?

A

The splitting up of molecules by adding water to break the glycosidic bond.

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16
Q

Which to structure produce amylase?

A

Salivary glands and the pancreas.

17
Q

Why are micro-villi and villi unnecessary in the stomach?

A

The food is not broken down enough to be absorbed yet so no villi or micro-villi is necessary to increase the surface area

18
Q

Describe the function and structure of the small intestine.

A

Long muscular tube. It’s function is to further digest food with the help of enzymes produced by it’s wall and glands

19
Q

What does lipase break down?

A

Dietery fats