Digestive System Flashcards
Define Digestion
The process in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules by hydrolysis.
Define Absorbtion
Taking soluble molecules into the body
Define Assimilation
Incorporating absorbed molecules into the body tissue
Names the parts of the body that food passes through, in order
Mouth,Oesophagus,Stomach,Small intestine,Large intestine,Rectum,Anus
What helps the small intestine with absorption?
Villi and micro villi create a large surface area.
What is physical breakdown?
When large food is broken down by teeth which maks it possible to ingest the food
What is chemical digestion?
Breaks down large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules. Things are broken down by digestive enzymes.
What do glands produce that helps break down large molecules?
Enzymes
What is another name for the large intestine?
Colon
What is another name for small intestine?
Ileum
Why does the stomach have a mucus lining?
To prevent it from digesting itself
What do all digestive enzymes function by?
Hydrolysis
What are the 3 types of digestive enzymes?
Carbohydrases,lipase and protease
How is the stomach adapted to churn food?
It is a muscular sac with an inner layer that produces enzymes
What is hydrolysis?
The splitting up of molecules by adding water to break the glycosidic bond.
Which to structure produce amylase?
Salivary glands and the pancreas.
Why are micro-villi and villi unnecessary in the stomach?
The food is not broken down enough to be absorbed yet so no villi or micro-villi is necessary to increase the surface area
Describe the function and structure of the small intestine.
Long muscular tube. It’s function is to further digest food with the help of enzymes produced by it’s wall and glands
What does lipase break down?
Dietery fats
