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Bio139 Test6 > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the Digestive System

A

1) Ingestion 2) Digestion 3)Propulsion 4)Secretion 5)Absorption 6)Elimination

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2
Q

Ingestion

A

to Take in (food and water)

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3
Q

Digestion

A

To break down

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4
Q

Propulsion and types

A

To move through things; 1) Peristalsis(waves of contraction)(LONGITUDAL) 2) Segmentation(parted and horizontal)

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5
Q

Secretion

A

To release substances (enzymes)

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6
Q

Absorption

A

Take across lining(small intestines)

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7
Q

Oral cavity Tissue

A

Non keratinized stratified squamous

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8
Q

Teeth vs Enzymes

A

Mechanical digestion vs chemical digestion

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9
Q

Vestibules of the Oral cavity

A

Between Teeth and gums Anterior

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10
Q

Labia of the oral cavity

A

Lips

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11
Q

Gingivae of the oral cavity

A

Gums

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12
Q

Hard Palate vs Soft Palate

A

Top of the Mouth; soft is muscle hard is bone

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13
Q

What stops food from going into the nasal cavity

A

Uvula

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14
Q

What kind of muscle is the tongue

A

Skeletal

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15
Q

Fauces

A

Opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx

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16
Q

Saliva of spit and what is breaks down

A

Salivary Amylase: breaks down carbohydrates

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17
Q

3 Pairs of Salivary Glands

A

1) Parotid (near ear) 2) Submandibular 3) Sublingual(under tongue)

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18
Q

Mastication

A

Chewing

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19
Q

Parts of the Tooth

A

Crown; neck; Roots; Dental alveoli(sockets); Dentin(inner layer)

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20
Q

What surrounds the Crown

A

Enamel(hardest part of body)

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21
Q

Out side of the Root Dentin

A

Cementum

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22
Q

Pulp Cavity

A

Nerves and Blood Supply of tooth

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23
Q

Root Canal and opening

A

Where pup cavity lies; Apical foramen

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24
Q

Periodontal Ligaments

A

Binds the roots to the alveolar processes form a gomphosis joint

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25
Q

Deciduous Teeth

A

20 Baby Teeth

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26
Q

How many permanent Teeth

A

32

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27
Q

Teeth Basic names Front to back and number

A

1) Incisor ( Central and Lateral) 2) Canine 3) Premolar (1st and 2nd) 4) Molar (1st - 3rd)

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28
Q

Serous Membrane that surrounds organs

A

Peritoneum

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29
Q

Intraperitoneal Organs

A

In peritoneum

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30
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

Behind peritoneum(kidneys)

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31
Q

Mesenteries

A

Greater Omentum on stomach ( hold lots of Fat)

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32
Q

Layers of the GI Track

A

1) Mucosa 2) Sub Mucosa3) Muscularis 4) Adventitia

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33
Q

Submucosa Layer of GI

A

With Meissner plexus(nerves from autonomic parasympathetic aka submucosal plexus)

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34
Q

Mucosa Layer of GI

A

(varying Epithelial Tissue and Muscularis mucosa(smooth muscle)

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35
Q

Muscularis layer of GI

A

Smooth Muscle (lots) 2) inner circular (horizontal) 3) Outer Longitudinal(Peristalsis) 4) AUERBACH Plexus

36
Q

Adventitia

A

Outer most layer; blood and nerves

37
Q

Blood Vessels of The GI

A

Celiac Trunk; Sup/Inf mesenteric Arteries

38
Q

Lymphatic Tissue in AGI

A

Lacteals ( fat absorption) and PEYER PATCHES(ileum)

39
Q

Esophagus Layer Char

A

1) M: Nonkeratinied Strat squamous 2) Muscularis: has skeletal muscle

40
Q

Superior Esophageal sphincter

A

Sound ring of smooth muscle from pharynx to esophagus

41
Q

Inferior esophageal sphincter

A

Esophagus to stomach(small ring of smooth muscle)

42
Q

Stomach Char

A

1) J Shaped 2) LUQ below Diaphragm 3) Turns food into CHYME

43
Q

4 Part of Stomach

A

1)Cardia (entrance) 2) Fundus (rounded top) 3) body (main) 4) pyloris( Constriction region bottom)

44
Q

Parts of the Pyloris in the Stomach

A

Orifice(hole) and sphincter(regulator of fluid)

45
Q

Rugae of the Stomach

A

Ridges inside stomach and bladder)

46
Q

Greater and lesser curvature

A

On stomach top and bot

47
Q

Cells of the Stomach

A

Simple columnar(no goblet cells)

48
Q

Stomach Muscularis Layer

A

3 Layers not 2! 1) inner oblique 2) middle circular 3) outer Longitudinal

49
Q

Gastric Glands of the Stomach

A

1) Mucous Cells 2) parietal Cells HCl and intrinsic Factor) 3) Chief Cells (pepsinogen) 4) Enteroendocrine cells

50
Q

Parietal Cells of Stomach

A

Secrete HCL(hydrochloric Acid low pH) and intrinsic Factor ( Vitamin B12 Absorption)

51
Q

Chief Cell of Stomach

A

secrete Pepsinogen( breaks down proteins)

52
Q

Enteroengocrines Cells

A

_ Gastrin stimulates parietal cell to release HCL

53
Q

Parts in Order of the Small intestines

A

1) Duodenum 2) Jejunum 3) Ileum

54
Q

Duodenum

A

Simple columnar 2) Brunner Glands(alkaline mucous) 3) ( Major duodenal papillae) 4) Cholecystokinin(CCK) hormone the stimulus the Pancrease and galli bladder to release secretions

55
Q

Jejunum Small intestines

A

2nd; Lots of absorption

56
Q

Ileum Small intestines

A

1) Has Peyer’s Patches (immune) 2) regulates stuff going to large intestines with ileocecal VaLVE

57
Q

Plicae Circularis

A

Small intestine folds

58
Q

Small intestine Has

A

Plicae circularis 2) Villi 3) Microvilli(brush border surface area) 3) Crypts of Lieberkuhn (goblet cells and enteroendocine glands)

59
Q

Crypts of Lieberkuhn

A

IN small intestine between Villi

60
Q

Large intestines Function

A

Absorbs Water and Electrolytes -> remain contents feces

61
Q

Parts of the Large Intestine

A

1) Cecum(with Vermiform appendix) 2) Ascending Colon 3) transverse Colon 4) descending Colon 5) sigmoid Colon 6) Rectum 7) Anan Canal

62
Q

Large intestines Tissue

A

Simple columnar w/ goblet cells

63
Q

Large intestines Char

A

Longitudinal layer of the Muscularis forms TENIA COLI(smooth Muscle) which make Balls( HAUSTRA) and preforms haustral churning

64
Q

Liver

A

RUQ 2) 4 Lobes 3) Falciform ligament 4) Ligamentum venosum 5) Round ligament

65
Q

4 Lobes of the Liver

A

1) right 2) Left 3) Caudate (upper back) 4) Quadrate (lower back)

66
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Separate R and L liver lobes

67
Q

Round ligament of the liver

A

Represents the remnant of the fetal umbilical vein

68
Q

Remnant of the ductus venosus on the liver

A

ligamentum venosum

69
Q

Liver made from

A

Hepatic Lobules and Hepatocytes

70
Q

Hepatocytes

A

1) absorb nutrients 2) produce Bile 3) detoxify drugs 4) Synthesize (plasma proteins)

71
Q

Portal Triad

A

1) Hepatic portal vein 2) Hepatic artery 3) bile duct

72
Q

Central vein of liver

A

Drains blood from liver

73
Q

Hepatic portal vein

A

Blood from GI to liver

74
Q

Hepatic Artery

A

O2 blood to liver

75
Q

Kupffer cells

A

Within sinusoid phagocytic

76
Q

Bine Canaliculi

A

Car bile to bile ducts

77
Q

Gall Bladder Function

A

Collects Bile

78
Q

Order of bile

A

Bile ducts_> r/L hepatic ducts -> Common hepatic Ducts -> Cystic Duct -> common bile Duct

79
Q

Where is bile produced

A

In the liver stored in gallbladder

80
Q

What does bile break down

A

FAT

81
Q

Major duodenal papilla

A

Allows bile and pancreatic juices to enter the duodenum

82
Q

Panaceas Loc and parts

A

Behind stomach 2) Head body tail

83
Q

Pancrease has 2 glands

A

Islets(endocrine) and acini(exocrine)

84
Q

Digestive enzymes

A

Pancreatic juice

85
Q

What do the bile duct and pancreatic duct merge to form

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla(AMPULA of VATER) with a sphincter of ODDI

Bio139 Test6 (4 decks)

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