DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards
A mechanical digestion where the teeth break up food.
Mouth
What does saliva contain?
Amylase
What are the types of salivary glands?
1). Parotid Gland
2). Submandibular Gland
3). Sublingual Gland
Inflammation of the parotid gland.
Mumps
In the teeth, how many canine, molar, premolar, and incisors are there?
4 canines
12 molars
8 premolars
8 incisors
Food is chewed ______?
Mechanically (masticated)
Is formed with saliva and the tongue.
Bolus (lump)
Is also known as the throat.
Pharynx
It is approximately 10 inches long and secretes mucus.
Esophagus
The esophagus moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called _________?
Peristalsis
Flap of cartilage. It closes trachea (windpipe) when swallowing
Epiglottis
A series of involuntary wave-like muscle contractions which move food along the digestive
tract.
Peristalsis
Answer the following if this is mechanical or chemical.
- Chewing a chicken meat?
- Saliva breaking the bread down into molecules of
glucose? - Your teeth breaking pieces of a hamburger apart?
- Pepsin (an enzyme) in your stomach breaking the
hamburger into amino acids?
1). Mechanical
2). Chemical
3). Mechanical
4). Chemical
J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks
it down into tiny pieces.
Stomach
In the stomach, food is temporarily stored here.
It can stretch to fit ______ food.
~2L of Food
____ in the stomach kills bacteria.
Acid
HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) = ___
pH 2
What are the Gastric Juices that are secreted by stomach?
1). Pepsin
2). Hydrochloric acid
Enzyme breaks down proteins.
Pepsin
What stops the stomach from digesting itself?
Mucus secreted by stomach cells protects stomach lining
Food is further broken down into a thin liquid called _____?
Chyme
Can the stomach mechanically and chemically break down food?
Yes
How many stomachs do cows have?
4
___________ is a procedure where a thin, flexible
tube called an endoscope is used to look inside
the esophagus, stomach and duodenum.
Gastroscopy
What are the Accessory Organs?
1). Liver
2). Gallbladder
3). Pancreas
Filters out toxins and waste including drugs and alcohol, and produces bile.
Liver
Bile stored in ___________ until
needed.
Gallbladder
Pouch structure located
near the liver which
concentrates and stores
bile.
Gallbladder
What emulsifies lipids (fats)
(physically breaks apart FATS)?
Bile
A long tube that carries BILE to
duodenum.
Bile duct
The pancreas produces
___________ ______ that
is then secreted to the
pancreatic duct. And digests
all major nutrient types.
Pancreatic Juice
Contains enzymes that
breakdown or digest fully.
Pancreatic Juice
Produces enzymes to digest fats, proteins & starch
Pancreas
What type or protein and starch does the pancreas produce?
Amylase
Lipase
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
It is a major organ of
chemical digestion &
absorption through its
lining.
Small Intestine
How long is a small intestine in meters?
6 meters
The small intestine has 3 sections, what are they?
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
Where most digestion takes place.
Duodenum
Where absorption of nutrients & water.
Jejunum
Absorption of nutrients & water.
Ileum
Has tiny fingerlike projections called ____ lining it, which increase the surface area for absorbing nutrients.
Villi
It re-absorbs water 90% of water reabsorbed.
Colon or Large Intestine
If not enough water
is absorbed, it results to?
Diarrhea
If too much water
absorbed, it results to?
Constipation
What vitamins are reabsorbed with water?
Vitamin K and B
Temporarily stores the
feces before it will exit the
body.
Rectum
