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STUDY REVIEWER (3RD QUARTER) > DIGESTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

A mechanical digestion where the teeth break up food.

A

Mouth

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2
Q

What does saliva contain?

A

Amylase

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3
Q

What are the types of salivary glands?

A

1). Parotid Gland
2). Submandibular Gland
3). Sublingual Gland

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4
Q

Inflammation of the parotid gland.

A

Mumps

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5
Q

In the teeth, how many canine, molar, premolar, and incisors are there?

A

4 canines
12 molars
8 premolars
8 incisors

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6
Q

Food is chewed ______?

A

Mechanically (masticated)

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7
Q

Is formed with saliva and the tongue.

A

Bolus (lump)

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8
Q

Is also known as the throat.

A

Pharynx

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9
Q

It is approximately 10 inches long and secretes mucus.

A

Esophagus

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10
Q

The esophagus moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called _________?

A

Peristalsis

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11
Q

Flap of cartilage. It closes trachea (windpipe) when swallowing

A

Epiglottis

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12
Q

A series of involuntary wave-like muscle contractions which move food along the digestive
tract.

A

Peristalsis

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13
Q

Answer the following if this is mechanical or chemical.

  1. Chewing a chicken meat?
  2. Saliva breaking the bread down into molecules of
    glucose?
  3. Your teeth breaking pieces of a hamburger apart?
  4. Pepsin (an enzyme) in your stomach breaking the
    hamburger into amino acids?
A

1). Mechanical
2). Chemical
3). Mechanical
4). Chemical

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14
Q

J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks
it down into tiny pieces.

A

Stomach

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15
Q

In the stomach, food is temporarily stored here.
It can stretch to fit ______ food.

A

~2L of Food

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16
Q

____ in the stomach kills bacteria.

A

Acid

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17
Q

HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) = ___

A

pH 2

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18
Q

What are the Gastric Juices that are secreted by stomach?

A

1). Pepsin
2). Hydrochloric acid

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19
Q

Enzyme breaks down proteins.

A

Pepsin

20
Q

What stops the stomach from digesting itself?

A

Mucus secreted by stomach cells protects stomach lining

21
Q

Food is further broken down into a thin liquid called _____?

A

Chyme

22
Q

Can the stomach mechanically and chemically break down food?

A

Yes

23
Q

How many stomachs do cows have?

A

4

24
Q

___________ is a procedure where a thin, flexible
tube called an endoscope is used to look inside
the esophagus, stomach and duodenum.

A

Gastroscopy

25
Q

What are the Accessory Organs?

A

1). Liver
2). Gallbladder
3). Pancreas

26
Q

Filters out toxins and waste including drugs and alcohol, and produces bile.

A

Liver

27
Q

Bile stored in ___________ until
needed.

A

Gallbladder

28
Q

Pouch structure located
near the liver which
concentrates and stores
bile.

A

Gallbladder

29
Q

What emulsifies lipids (fats)
(physically breaks apart FATS)?

A

Bile

30
Q

A long tube that carries BILE to
duodenum.

A

Bile duct

31
Q

The pancreas produces
___________ ______ that
is then secreted to the
pancreatic duct. And digests
all major nutrient types.

A

Pancreatic Juice

32
Q

Contains enzymes that
breakdown or digest fully.

A

Pancreatic Juice

33
Q

Produces enzymes to digest fats, proteins & starch

A

Pancreas

34
Q

What type or protein and starch does the pancreas produce?

A

Amylase
Lipase
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin

35
Q

It is a major organ of
chemical digestion &
absorption through its
lining.

A

Small Intestine

36
Q

How long is a small intestine in meters?

A

6 meters

37
Q

The small intestine has 3 sections, what are they?

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
38
Q

Where most digestion takes place.

A

Duodenum

39
Q

Where absorption of nutrients & water.

A

Jejunum

40
Q

Absorption of nutrients & water.

A

Ileum

41
Q

Has tiny fingerlike projections called ____ lining it, which increase the surface area for absorbing nutrients.

A

Villi

42
Q

It re-absorbs water 90% of water reabsorbed.

A

Colon or Large Intestine

43
Q

If not enough water
is absorbed, it results to?

A

Diarrhea

44
Q

If too much water
absorbed, it results to?

A

Constipation

45
Q

What vitamins are reabsorbed with water?

A

Vitamin K and B

46
Q

Temporarily stores the
feces before it will exit the
body.

A

Rectum

STUDY REVIEWER (3RD QUARTER) (12 decks)

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