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Anatomy & Physiology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Ingestion

A

Complex food taken in
What you eat

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2
Q

Digestion

A

Break down of complex food

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3
Q

Types of digestion

A

Mechanical and chemical

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4
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Making large pieces or droplets small

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5
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Changes the chemicals
Enzymes are involved

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6
Q

Motility

A

Food movement along the gastro

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7
Q

Secretion

A

Exocrine secretion
Enzymes and other products

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8
Q

Absorption

A

Blocks broken (food) gets absorbed

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9
Q

Elimination

A

Riding of body waste/ bowel movements

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10
Q

Layers of the digestive tract

A

Mucosa / mucous membrane
Sub mucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

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11
Q

Mucosa

A

Inner most layer
surrounding submucosa

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12
Q

Submucosa

A

Surrounding muscularis

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13
Q

Muscularis

A

Any movement evolved
Surrounding serosa

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14
Q

Serosa

A

Peritoneum
Parietal and visceral

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15
Q

Peristalsis

A

-Contraction of digestive tract
-Squeezes/contration so food only goes in one direction
- muscularis involved

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16
Q

Segmentation

A

-Mechanical digestion
-Muscularis involved
-breaks apart chunks of food using contraction

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17
Q

Salivary gland

A

Lubricates and put moisture to food for easier swallowing

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18
Q

Parotid

A
  • Largest salivary gland
    -secretes amylase (enzyme)
  • serous secretion
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19
Q

Submandibular

A

two types of saliva:

serous - watery part with enzymes; breaks down food

mucous - thicker,slippery part without enzymes; helps food easier to swallow and keeps mouth moist

20
Q

Sublingual

A

-smallest saliva gland
-mucous type(no enzymes)

21
Q

what moves/pushes the food around the mouth.

A

tongue

22
Q

What are the two flaps inside the mouth

A

-Soft palate
-epiglottis

23
Q

oropharynx

A

helps with (deglutition)

24
Q

Bolus

A

food after mastication(chewing)

25
Q

Chyme

A

food particles mixed with gastric juice

26
Q

intristic factor

A

for b-12 absorption in small intestine

27
Q

esophagus’ two valves

A

-upper esophageal sphincter (UES)

-lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

28
Q

Upper esophageal sphincter function

A

prevents air going in

29
Q

lower esophageal sphincter function

A

prevents backflow of acidic(hydrochloric acid) stomach

30
Q

Smaller intestine

A

Digestion & absorption

31
Q

3 parts of smaller intestine (right order)

A

Duodenum
jejunum
ileum

32
Q

Duodenum

A

-Most chemical digestion
- recieres pancreatic juices and bile from the liver
- secretes cholecystokinin (cck)

33
Q

Cholecystokinin

A
  • Releases bile
  • release the feeling of “feeling full” so you stop eating
34
Q

Plicae

A

-for absorption
-expands to absorb
-covered with villi
-covered with microvilli to increase surface area

35
Q

Pancreas

A

-most important digestive juice

36
Q

CHONS

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

36
Q

What neutralizes stomach acid?

A

Bicarbonate

36
Q

What makes Gastric juice the most acidic substance to the body?

A

HCl (hydrochloric acid)

37
Q

Where is Bile produced?

A

Liver

38
Q

Function of bile

A

-Emulsify fats
-Eliminates cholesterol
(main ingredients of bile is cholesterol)

38
Q

Corpus of gallbladder

A

holds vile

39
Q

Neck of gallbladder

A

bile exit

39
Q

R/L ducts

A

carries bile from liver to gallbladder

40
Q

Normal passage for poop

A

3-5 days

40
Q

Peritoneum

A

-protects organs
-lubrication to allow organs to move smoothly against each other

41
Q

What does large intestine do

A

absorbs left over chyme to turn it into poop

41
Q

Good bacteria in the gut?

A

Intestinal flora

Anatomy & Physiology (5 decks)

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