Digestive System

Question 1

Structure of Digestion System

“My Parents Exerpienced Selling Some Large Rats”

Answer 1

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large instestine
Rectum

All are organs

Question 2

Allmentary Canal

Answer 2

Also known as GI tract or gut

Question 3

Accessory Digestive glands

Answer 3

Teeth
Toung
Gallbladder
Digestion gland

Question 4

Digestion gland

Answer 4

Produces secretion that help break down foodstuffs

Question 5

Types of Digestion gland

Answer 5

Pancrease
Salivary gland
Liver

Question 6

Small Intestine

Answer 6

Extend from plyoric sphincter to ileocecal
Microvilli - enzymes are embedded
Duodenum - shortest segment
jejunum -main site of absorption
ileum - narrowest in diameter

Question 7

Large intestine

Answer 7

• Specialized of Vitamin K biotin, sodium ions, chloride ions and water
• Cecum - Large intestine is a pouch
• colon - middle portion, divided into ascending colon. transverse,
• rectum - opens anus
• anal canal - last portion of rectum, involuntary internal and voluntary exertnal sphincter

Question 8

CCK - Cholecystokinin

Answer 8

produced in the small intestine

stimulates the release of enzymes from pancreas and the bile from the liver

Question 8

Gastrin

Answer 8

Produced in the stomach and stimulates acid

Question 9

Secretin

Answer 9

produced in the small intestine

Stimulates the production of bicarbonate by the pancreas

Question 10

Insulin

Answer 10

produced in the pancreas

regulates blood sugar level

Question 11

Glucagon

Answer 11

Produced in the pancreas

Helps release glucose from the liver

Question 12

Bile

Answer 12

Produced by the liver and stopped in the gallbladdar. Yellow-green solution bile salts pigment cholestorol and electrolytes

helps break down fat in small intestine

Enhances fat-soluble Vitamin A, D, E, and K

Stored and concentrated in gallbladdar

Question 13

Peritoneum

Answer 13

serous membrane of abdominal cavity that consist 2 peritoneum membrane

Question 13

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 13

membrane on the external surface of most digestive organs

Question 14

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 14

membrane line body wall

Question 15

Peritoneal cavity

Answer 15

Fluid filled space between two peritoneum

fluid lubricates most organs

Question 16

Mesentery

Answer 16

doubled layer of peritoneum

provided routes for blood vessls, lymphatic, and nerves

Question 17

Interperitonuem organs

Answer 17

organs that are located within the peritoneum

Question 18

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 18

located outside posterior to the peritoneum

Question 19

Submucosa

Answer 19

areolar connective tissue, has abundant amount of elastic tissue that helps organs to regain shape after strong large meal

Question 20

Muscularis external

Answer 20

Muscle layer responsible for segmentation and peristalisis

Question 21

Serosa

Answer 21

Outmost layer which is made up visceral peritoneum

Question 22

Peristalis

Answer 22

Moves food from the pharynx to the esophogus to the stomach

Involuntary process

Question 23

Segmentation

Answer 23

Occrs in instestines

Question 24

What happens during ingestion?

Answer 24

Food is moistened by saliva

Question 25

Salivary amylase

Answer 25

chemical breakdown of fats

Question 26

Lyozymes

Answer 26

enzyme that work together with immuglobin

Question 27

Mucin

Answer 27

protein that helps form a gel-like coating that lubiricates the bolus of food

Question 28

Stomach

Answer 28

muscle organ that stretch to accomdate a high vuolume of food. Located in the left superior region of abdomen

Question 29

What is the primary role of stomach?

Answer 29

storage and mechanical breakdown of food

Question 30

What is Rugae?

Answer 30

series of ridges that allow stomach to expand

Question 31

What are the types of gastric glands of mucosa?

Answer 31

Mucous Parietal Cheif Endrocrine cells

Question 32

Endocrine - G Cell

Answer 32

release hormones into blood

Question 33

Parietal Cell

Answer 33

secrete instrinsic factor, located in small intestines. Release Hydrochloric acid

Question 34

What are Chiefs Cells?

Answer 34

activation of pepsinogen ( also known as pepsin) Break down protein into smaller peptide chains

Question 35

What are mucous?

Answer 35

secretes bicardonate-containing mucus to protect the stomach from the acidity and digestive enzymes

Question 36

Cardiac Region

Answer 36

where food is emptied in the stomach

Question 37

Fundus

Answer 37

most superior region of the stomach

Question 38

What is the largest and most central region of digestion?

Answer 38

Body

Question 39

Liver

Answer 39

Not part of alimentary canal. 4 lobes organ

Question 40

What is the function of gastrointesinal system when it comes to the Liver?

Answer 40

production of bile, nutrients meyabolism, detoxifcation

Question 41

What is the primary funciton of liver?

Answer 41

Synthesis of bile

Question 42

ENS - Enteric nervous System

Answer 42

operate to the brain and the spinal cord and communicate though CNS, PNS, SNS

Question 43

What are the two main partd of ENS?

Answer 43

Submucosal and Myenteric plexuses

Question 44

Submucosal

Answer 44

embedded with connective tissue. function is to regulate secretion, absoprtion, contraction of submucosal mucle and blood flow

Question 45

Myenteric plexus

Answer 45

located between circular and longitudinal layers of musclaris external