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General Anatomy > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the accessory organs of digestive system?

A

Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder

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2
Q

What consists the alimentary canal?

A

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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3
Q

What are the four main layers of GI Tract?

A

Ma Sa Ma Sa
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa

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4
Q

What layer of GI Tract is this:
An epithelial lining + lamina propria + muscularis

A

Mucosa

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5
Q

What layer of GI Tract is this:
Dense connective tissue + submucosa (Meissner) plexus of autonomic nerves

A

Submucosa

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6
Q

Plexus found in submucosa of GI Tract

A

SubmucoSa = meiSSner

Meissner plexus of autonomic nerves

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7
Q

Other name for muscularis externa

A

Muscularis propria

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8
Q

The internal sublayer of muscularis externa/propria is? (Shape)

A

Internal = cIrcular
Circular

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9
Q

The external sublayer of muscularis externa/propria is? (Shape)

A

Outer = lOngitudinal
Longitudinal

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10
Q

What layer of GI tracts is this:
Internal sublayer + external sublayer + auerbach’s plexus

A

Muscularis
Muscularis Externa/Propria

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11
Q

Other term for Auerbach’s plexus

A

Myenteric plexus

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12
Q

What plexus can you find in Muscularis Externa/Propria?

A

Auerbach’s or myenteric plexus

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13
Q

What layer of GI tracts is this:
Thin layer of loose connective tissue + simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

A

Serosa

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14
Q

What are the biliary system/tract/tree?

A

Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder

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15
Q

What are the foregut segment of Generalized Intestine? What is their innervation and supply?

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Stomach
Esophagus
First part of duodenum

Innervation: Celiac artery, vein, and nerves

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16
Q

What are the midgut segment of Generalized Intestine? What is their innervation and supply?

A

Second part of duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Ascending colon
2nd part of transverse colon

Superior mesenteric artery, veins, nerves

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17
Q

What are the hindgut segment of Generalized Intestine? What is their innervation and supply?

A

Last part of transverse colon
Descending colon
Rectum

Inferior mesenteric artery, veins, and nerves

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18
Q

Muscular structures, formed mostly by the orbicularis oris muscle

A

Lips

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19
Q

What epithelium lines the oral cavity?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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20
Q

A mass of striated muscle covered by mucosa

A

Tongue

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21
Q

Major sensory organ for taste and one of the major organs of speech

A

Tongue

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22
Q

Anterior attachment to the floor of the mouth

A

Frenulum

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23
Q

Elevations of the mucous membrane of the tongue that assume various forms and functions

A

Lingual papillae

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24
Q

4 types of lingual papillae

A

Filliform
Fungiform
Follate
Vallate

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25
Q

A lingual papilla which does not have a tastebud and it is avascular

A

Filliform papillae

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26
Q

Very numerous, have an elongated conical shape and are heavily keratinized which gives their surface a gray or whitish appearance

A

Filliform papillae

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27
Q

Provides a rough surface that facilitates movement of food during chewing

A

Filliform papillae

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28
Q

Much less numerous, lightly keratinized, and interspersed among the filiform papillae.

A

Fungiform papillae

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29
Q

They are mushroom shaped with well vascularized and innervated cores of lamina propria

A

Fungiform papillae

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30
Q

Consist of several parallel ridges on each side of the tongue, anterior to the sulcus terminalis, but are rudimentary in humans, especially older individuals.

A

Follate Papillae

31
Q

Other term for vallate papillae

A

Circumvallate papillae

32
Q

The largest papillae

A

Vallate papillae or circumvallate

33
Q

What is the diameter of vallate papillae?

A

1 to 3mm

34
Q

Average number of vallate papillae

A

8-12 papillae
First aide: 7 to 9
Mosby: 12-13

35
Q

Are serous only salivary gland located within the circumvallate papillae

A

Von Ebner’s glands

36
Q

What is the length of esophagus in adult?

A

25cm long

37
Q

What epithelium lines the esophagus?

A

Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

38
Q

What layer can you find the esophageal gland?

A

Submucosa

39
Q

Lower esophageal sphincter is also known as

A

Cardiac sphincter

40
Q

Regulate the movement of materials into and out of the esophagus

A

Upper and lower esophageal sphincter

41
Q

Regulate the movement of materials into and out of the esophagus

A

Upper and lower esophageal sphincter

42
Q

It is a muscular dilation of the digestive tract where mechanical and chemical digestion occurs.

A

Stomach

43
Q

4 major stomach regions

A

Cardiac
Fundus
Body
Pylorus

44
Q

4 major stomach regions

A

Cardiac
Fundus
Body
Pylorus

45
Q

Most versatile cell in the body

A

Hepatocyte

46
Q

Other term for space of disse

A

Perisinusoidal space

47
Q

How many cells are found in disse?

A

100 cells

48
Q

A location in the liver between a hepatocyte and a sinusoid.

A

Space of disse or perisinusoidal space

49
Q

Storage of vitamin A

A

Space of disse or perisinusoidal space

50
Q

2 major lobes of liver

A

Right
Left

51
Q

2 minor lobes of liver

A

Caudate
Quadrate

52
Q

What consist of porta of liver?

A

Hepatic duct (right and left)
Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery

53
Q

Stores and concentrates bile

A

Gallbladder

54
Q

Common bile duct formed by?

A

Cystic duct
Hepatic duct

55
Q

Common bile duct empties into?

A

Duodenum of small intestine

56
Q

Deep diverticula of gallbladder mucosa

A

Rokitansky-Auschoff sinuses

57
Q

Emulsification of fat

A

Bile

58
Q

Lobulated gland

A

Pancreas

59
Q

What are the two ducts found in pancreas?

A

WEIrd song
banal na aSUNG
SANtong kabayo
natatawa ako
RINI RINI

Duct of Wirsung
Santorini’s duct

60
Q

Also known as sweet organ

A

Pancreas

61
Q

Site where the digestive processes are completed and where nutrients are absorbed.

A

Small Intestine

62
Q

3 segments of small intestine

A

DJ I

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

63
Q

A series of lining of permanent or semilunar folds

A

Plicae circulares

64
Q

Short mucosal outgrowths that project into the lumen

A

Microvilli

65
Q

Also called bowel

A

Large intestine

66
Q

Absorbs water and electrolytes and forms indigestible material into feces

A

Large intestine

67
Q

Regions of Large intestine

A

Cecum
Colon
Rectum

68
Q

Three longitudinal bands of muscle used for peristalsis

A

Teniae coli

69
Q

Individual segments that allow for independent contraction in the colon

A

Haustra

70
Q

Intestinal gland of large intestine

A

Crypts of Lieberkühn

71
Q

Where can you find brunner’s gland?

A

BRU pa-SUB! Duo tayo eh!

Submucosa of Duodenum

72
Q

Numerous plicae

A

Jejunum

73
Q

Has peyer’s patches and goblet cells for serous secretion

A

Ileum

General Anatomy (4 decks)

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