Digestive System Flashcards
Purpose of the digestive system
Breaks down food and absorbs it into the blood stream
Allementary canal
The route that good travels through the digestive system
Tube that food travels through
Alimentary canal
Peristalsis
Muscle contract and move the food through the Allementary canal
7 essential nutrients in your diet
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Minerals
Vitamins
Fibres
Water
Enzymes
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Amyles
Breaks down starch and sugars into carbs
Protease
Breaks down proteins and amino acids
Lipase
Breaks down fats into fatty acids
Actions of bile
Neutralizes stomach acid
Emulsified fats to break down into smaller peices
Factors that affect enzyme activity
Enzyme Concentration
Substrate concentrate
Temperature
Competition from inhabiters
Denatured
Something disrupts the active site deforming it
Villi
Absorbs nutrients into the blood
Each networks has it’s own network of
Capillaries
3 adaptations of villi
One cell thick
Large surface area
Has it’s own network of capillaries
Gluten is a
Protein
Celiac Disease
Auto immune response due to consumption of wheat, barley and rye
Peptide in these crops cause the immune system to attack and degrade Villi
Symptoms of celiac disease
Weight loss
Bone loss
In ability to absorb minerals and nutrients
Found in the salivary glands, pancreas, and small intestines
Amylase
Speed up breaking down starch into sugar
Amylase
Breaks down into carbs
Amyles
Breaks down proteins
Protease
Made in stomach, pancreas and small intestine
Protease
Hydrochloric acids provide the perfect conditions for ___ enzymes
Protease
Breaks down fats into fatty acids
Lypase
Last to be broken down
Lipase
Are recycled
Enzymes
Are very specific
Enzymes
Has an active site
Enzymes
Carbohydrase is an enzyme that breaks down
Carbohydrates
Protease is an enzyme that breaks down
Proteins
Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down
Fats
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down
Starch
Enzymes are biological ____ that sped up chemical reactions
Catalysts
Enzymes are protein molecules that are made up of long chains of
Amino acids
The sequence and type of amino acids are ____ in each proteins
Different
The shape of the enzyme are very important to it’s
Functions
Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involved in important processes in the human body. What is one of these processes
Digestion
What’s the difference between villi and micro villi
Micro villi coat the villi
Ways to denature an enzyme
Temperature
Oh
Organs in the Allementary canal
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestines
Large intestines
Rectum
Anus
Where is bile found
Gall bladder
Liver
Small intestines
Mouth
Used for mechanical digestion
Epiglottis
Flap that closes Trachea so good can go down the esophagus
Oesophegus
Tube that connects mouth and stomach
Small intestine
Absorbs food into the blood stream
Large intestine
Absorbs water into intestine
Appendix
Small projection off the large intestine
Stores antibodies for potential poisoning
Rectum
Stores feces
Anus
Sphincter at the end of the digestion system allows feces to pass
Gall bladder
Stores bile
Pancreas
Produces digestive enzymes and insulin
