Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
Major components of the digestive system
A
Esophagus, oral cavity, pharynx
2
Q
Components of oral cavity
A
Lips, teeth, tongue, palate, salivary glands
3
Q
Are two fleshy folds that surrounds the oral orifice
A
Lips
4
Q
Shallow vertical groove seen in the midline on the superficial surface of the upper lip
A
Philtrum
5
Q
Median fold of mucous membrane that connects the inner surface of the lips to the gums
A
Labial frenulae
6
Q
Two components of oral cavity
A
Vestibule and oral cavity proper
7
Q
Extends from the lips to the pharynx
A
Oral cavity
8
Q
Slitlike space that lies between the lips and the cheeks externally and the gums and the teeth internally
A
Vestibule
9
Q
Lateral wall of vestibule is made up by the
A
Buccinator muscle (and is lined with mucous membrane)
10
Q
What fibers are tethered to the buccinator muscles in the submucosa that prevents redundant folds from being bitten between the teeth when the jaws are closed
A
Elastic
11
Q
Opening of the duct of the parotid salivary gland is located where?
A
Upper second molar tooth
12
Q
___ has a roof and a floor
A
Oral cavity proper
13
Q
The palate that forms the roof of the oral cavity proper
A
Hard palate (infront) soft palate (behind)
14
Q
Floor of the oral cavity proper
A
The anterior two thirds of the tongue and the reflection of the mucous membrane
15
Q
Connects the undersurface of the tongue to the floor of the mouth
A
Frenulum of the tongue
16
Q
Lateral to the frenulum, the mucous membrane forms a fringed fold called?
A
Plica fimbriata
17
Q
The sudmandibular gland opens to the?
A
Floor of the mouth on the summit of the papilla
18
Q
The sublingual gland projects up into the mouth, producing a low fold of mucous membrane
A
Sublingual fold
19
Q
Oral cavity sensory innervation
A
Roof: greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves (maxillary div. of CN V)
Floor: lingual nerve (general sensation)
Cheek: buccal nerve ( mandi div of trigeminal)
20
Q
Placed in the alveolar margins of maxillae and mandible
A
Teeth
21
Q
Tooth occupies its own socket and is anchored in place by?
A
Periodontal ligaments
22
Q
Fixation of tooth constitutes a type of
A
Fibrous joint
23
Q
The two successive overlapping generation of teeth
A
Primary and permanent dentition
24
Q
How many teeth are there in the deciduous teeth
A
20
4 incisors
2canines
4molars
In each jaw
25
Eruption of deciduous teeth begins about
6 months after birth and have all erupted by the end of 2years
26
T or F: teeth of lower jaw usually appear before those of the upper jaw
True
27
How many teeth are there in permanent dentition
32
4 incisors
2 canine
4 premolars
6 molars
In each jaw
28
Permanent dentition begins to erupt in _____ and last tooth which is the third molar, happen to erupt between ages of ___
6 years of age
17 and 30
29
Mass of striated muscles covered with mucous membrane
Tongue
30
Divides the tongue into right and left halves
Median fibrous septum
31
Three types of papillae on the upper surface of the ant two thirds of the tongue
Filiform papillae
Fungiform papillae
Vallate papillae
32
the _______, divides the mucous membrane of the upper surface of the tongue into anterior and posterior parts
Sulcus terminalis
33
The sulcus divides the tongue into the ___and the __
Anterior two thirds (oral part; body)
Posterior third (pharyngeal part; root)
34
The foramen cecum is an embryologic remnant and marks the site of the upper end of the
Thyroglossal duct
35
On the lateral side of the frenulum, the deep lingual vein can be seen through the mucous membrane. Lateral to the lingual vein, the mucous membrane forms a fringed fold called the
Plica fibriata
36
muscles are confined to the tongue and are not attached to bone.
Intrinsic
37
muscles originate outside the tongue; they attach to bones and the soft palate.
Extrinsic
38
the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) supplies all the tongue muscles, except one, the ____
palatoglossus (supplied by vagus fibers in the pharyngeal plexus).
39
Intrinsic muscles of the tongue
Longitudinal, transverse, vertical
40
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue
Genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus
41
Oina of genioglossus
Superior genial spine of mandible
Blends with other muscles of the tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
Protudes apex of the tongue through the mouth
42
Oina of hyoglossus
Body and greater cornu of hyoid bode
Blends with other muscles of the tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
Depresses the tongue
43
Oina of styloglossus
Styloid process of the temporal bone
Blends with other muscles of the tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
Draws the tongue upward and backward
44
Oina of Palatoglossus
Palatine poneurosis
Side of the tongue
Vagus nerve (pharyngel plexus)
Pulls roots of the tongue upward and backward, narrows oropharyngeal isthmus
45
Protudes the tongue
Genioglossus
46
Retraction And elevation of posterior third of the tongue
Styloglossus and palatoglossus
47
Depress the tongue
Hyoglossus
48
Retraction of tongue
Styloglossus and hyoglossus
49
Shape change of tongue?
Intrinsic muscle
50
Blood supply of tongue and venous drainage
F A I L
Lingual artery
Tonsillar branch of the facial artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Internal jugular vein
51
Lymph drainage of tongue
Tip: submental lymph node
Sides of the ant two thirds: submandibular and deep cervical lymph nodes
Posterior third: deep cervical lymph node
52
Sensory innervation of tongue
Ant 2/3: lingual nerve (general sensation)
and
Chorda tympani branch of facial nerve (taste)
53
__ forms the roof of the oral cavity and the floor of the nasal cavity
Palate
54
Its free posterior border of the soft palate in presents a conical projection in the midline called?
Uvula
55
The soft palate is continuous at the sides with the?
Lateral wall of the pharynx
56
Covers the upper and lower surfaces of the soft palate
Mucous membrane
57
__ is a fibrous sheet attached to the posterior border of the hard palate. It is the expanded tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle
Palatine aponeurosis
58
What are the soft palate muscles TLPPM
Tensor vili palatini
Levator veli palatini
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeous
Musculus uvulae
59
Oina of tensor veli palatini
Spine of sphenoid auditory tube
With muscle of other sides, forms palatine aponeurosis
Nerve to medial pterygoid from mandibular nerve
Tenses soft palate
60
Oina of levator veli palatini
Petrous part of temporal bone and auditory tube
Palatine aponeurosis
Pharyngel plexus (vagus nerve)
Raises soft palate
61
Oina of palatoglossus
Palatine aponeurosis
Side of the tongue
Pharyngel plexus (vagus)
Pulls root of the tongue upward and backward, narrows oropharyngeal isthmus
62
Oina of musculus uvulae
Posterior border of the hard palate
Muscous membrane of the uvula
Pharyngeal plexus (vagus)
Elevates uvula
63
The tendon, together with the tendon of the opposite side, expands to form the
Palatine aponeurosis
64
The tensor and levator palatini muscles also act on the mucous membrane of the auditory tube and so affect function in the?
Middle ear
65
The palatoglossal arch is a fold of mucous membrane containing the _____ which extends from the soft palate to the side of the tongue
Palatoglossus muscle
66
The palatoglossal arch marks where the oral cavity becomes the ___
Pharynx
67
The ______ is a fold of mucous membrane behind the palatoglossal arch that runs downward and laterally to join the pharyngeal wall.
Palatopharyngeal arch
68
The _____, which are masses of lymphoid tissue, are located in the tonsillar fossa between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
Palatine tonsils
69
Raising the soft palate closes the
Pharyngeal isthmus
70
Closure of pharyngeal isthmus occurs during the production of explosive consonants in__ and __
Speech
And
During swallowing
71
Sensory innervation of the palate
Greater and lesser palatine nerves from the maxillaryv div of trigeminal
72
The __ also a branch of the maxillary nerve, enters the front of the hard palate through the incisive foramen.
Nasopalatine nerve
73
__ also supplies the soft palate
Glossopharyngeal
74
Arterial Branch supple of palate
Greater palatine brach of max A
Ascending palatine branch of facial A
Ascending pharyngeal A
75
Palatal lymph drainage
Deep cervical lymph node
76
Three major pairs of salivary glands
Parotid gland
Sumbandibular gland
Submental gland
(Labial, buccal, palatal glands are minor salivary glands )
77
Largest salivary gland and mostly composed of serous acini
Parotid gland
78
The facial nerve divides the parotid gland into?
Superficial and deep lobes
79
emerges from the anterior border of the gland and passes forward over the lateral surface of the masseter.
Parotid duct
80
It pierces the buccinator muscle and enters the vestibule of the mouth upon a small papilla opposite the upper second molar tooth
Parotid duct
81
Nerve supply of the parotid duct
Glossopharyngeal nerve (carries preganglionic parasympathetic secremotor fibers)
These pass into the tympanic nerve and synapse in the otic ganglion
Postganglionic fibers attach to the auriculotemporal nerve and follow that to the gland
82
gland consists of a mixture of serous and mucous acini
Submandibular gland
83
The submandibular gland lies beneath the lower border of the body of the mandible and is divided into superficial and deep parts by the
Mylohoid muscle
84
The submandibular duct opens into the mouth on a small papilla, which is situated at the side of the?
Frenulum of the tongue
85
Nerve supply pf submandibular gland
Facial nerve - provides parasympathetic secremotor supply via chorda tympani branch and the submandibular ganglion. The postganglionic fibers pass directly to the gland
86
lies beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth, close to the frenulum of the tongue. It has both serous and mucous acini, with the latter predominating.
Sublingual gland
87
Number of sublingual ducts that open into the mouth on the summit of the sublingual fold
8 to 20 in number
88
Nerve supply of sublingual gland
facial nerve provides the parasympathetic secretomotor supply via its chorda tympani branch and the submandibular ganglion. The postganglionic finers pass directly to the gland
89
The salpingopharyngeal fold is a vertical fold of mucous membrane covering the
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
90
Depression on each side of the median glossoepiglottic fold is the?
Vallecula
91
This lies behind the oral cavity. The floor is the posterior one third of the tongue and the interval between the tongue and epiglottis
Oropharynx (oral pharynx)
92
This lies behind the opening into the larynx. The thyroid cartilage and the thyrohyoid membrane form the lateral wall.
Laryngopharynx (laryngeal pharynx)
93
is a depression in the mucous membrane on each side of the laryngeal inlet
Piriform fossa
94
Medial and lateral boundary of laryngopharynx
Aryepiglottic fold
Thyroid cartilage
95
Pharyngeal Mucous Membrane Sensory Nerve Supply
Nasopharynx ?
Oropharynx ?
Laryngopharynx ?
Maxillary nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Internal laryngeal branch of vagus nerve
96
Pharyngeal blood supply
Ascending pharyngeal
Tonsillar branch of facial A
And
Branches of maxillary and lingual A
97
Fibers of superior, middle and inferior constrictor runs in what direction?
Circular
98
Fibers of Stylopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus runs in what direction
Longitudinal
99
The lower part of the inferior constrictor, which arises from the cricoid cartilage
Cricopharyngeus muscle
100
The fibers of the cricopharyngeus pass ___ around the lowest and narrowest part of the pharynx and act as a ___
Horizontally
Sphincter
101
The apex of the sulcus projects backward and is marked by a small pit, the?
Foramen cecum
102
Mucous membrane covering the posterior third of the tongue is devoid of papillae but has an irregular surface, caused by the presence of underlying lymph nodes, the ?
Lingual tonsil
103
The gingiva, or gum, is strongly attached to the?
Alveolar periosteum
