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Animal Biology 1 > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main parts of the digestive system? (8)

A

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, anus

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2
Q

main function of the stomach

A

protein digestion

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3
Q

what does the stomach produce

A

gastric juice

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4
Q

hydrochloric acid (HCI) in the stomach
what does it do

A

makes stomach very acidic (pH=2), kill bacteria and denatures protein

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5
Q

small intestines

A

longest compartment, consisting of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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6
Q

duodenum

A

exit of pancreatic and gall bladder ducts, main function: enzymatic digestion

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7
Q

jejunum

A

absorption

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8
Q

ileum

A

absorption

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9
Q

large intestine

A

colon and cecum

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10
Q

colon (large intestine)

A

is connected to small intestine, main function: reabsorption of water, making feces more solid

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11
Q

cecum

A

connects to where small intestine and large intestine meet, main function: fermentation of plant materials

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12
Q

rectum

A

last storage of feces until it can be eliminated

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13
Q

anus

A

elimination of feces

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14
Q

salivary glands

A

mechanical digestion (chewing), saliva: lubrication (mucus), chemical digestion of polysaccharides (amylase)

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15
Q

Swallowing transport way

A

oral cavity -> pharynx -> esophagus -> stomach

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16
Q

pancreas

A
  • Bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acids
  • Enzymes for digestion of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates
17
Q

liver
what does it do and main function

A

production of bile, which is stored in the gall bladder, main function: digestion of fats

18
Q

gall bladder

A

stores and releases bile to help digestive system with breaking down fats

19
Q

main components of food (4)

A

carbohydrates, proteins, fat, nucleic acids

20
Q

carbohydrates

A
  • polysaccharides: starch, cellulose
  • disaccharides
  • monosaccharides (sugar)
21
Q

proteins
what can be proteins

A

grain, meat, fish

22
Q

fat (triglycerides)

A

oils

23
Q

nucleic acids

A

DNA, RNA

24
Q

how are most nutrients transported

A

to the blood -> hepatic portal vein -> liver

25
Q

what does the liver do with blood

A

it detoxifies the blood before entering the body

26
Q

how are lipids transported

A

not through blood! but through lymphatic system

27
Q

what is the pH in the duodenum

A

pH 6

28
Q

what is the pH in internal ileum

A

7.4

29
Q

what is the pH in the caecum

A

5.7

30
Q

what is the pH in the rectum

A

6.7

31
Q

chicken: crop

A

storage pouch

32
Q

chicken: proventriculus

A

granular stomach

33
Q

chicken: gizzard

A

muscular, grinds down food with little stones

Animal Biology 1 (6 decks)

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