DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards
The ALIMENTARY CANAL or digestive tube consists of the
MOUTH
PHARYNX
ESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
LARGE INTESTINE
RECTUM
ANUS
The ACCESSORY organs of digestion include the
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Saliva contains an enzyme called________ that starts the digestion of complex carbohydrates.
AMYLASE
The ____ is a narrow tube leading from the pharynx to the stomach
ESOPHAGUS
Digestion and absorption of food occurs in the
SMALL INTESTINE.
(Nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the SMALL INTESTINE)
What is a bolus
A ball of food
What is a chyme
Stomach muscle churns and mixes the bolus of food turning the mass into a soupy substance.
The _____ covers the stomach wall with a protective coating.
Together with the bicarbonate, this ensures that the stomach wall itself is not damaged by the hydrochloric acid
MUCUS
(MUCUS-BICORBONATE BARRIER SECRETED BY MUCUS CELLS
The digestive tract has 4 main layers.
Name them from innermost to outermost layers:
Innermost:
Mucous membrane
Submucous membrane
Muscular later
Serous layer
Food enters the stomach where ________ glands secrete hydrochloric acid that breaks down foods.
GASTRIC
The _____ contributes water to dilite the chyme and bicarbonate ions to NEUTRALIZE the acid from the stomach.
PANCREAS
Name the 3 major regions of the SMALL INTESTINE
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
The amino acids and simple sugars derived from PROTEINS AND CARBS are absorbed directly INTO the ______
Blood
The intestinal wall has ______
Villi
What does the large intestine do?
Reabsorbs water and stores and eliminates undigested food.
