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Animal Biology > Digestive system > Flashcards

Digestive system Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is glucagon?

A

a hormone that increases blood glucose levels

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2
Q

What is glucose?

A

needed by cells for respiration

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3
Q

what is glycogen?

A

stored glucose inside of tissues

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4
Q

what is hyperglycaemia?

A

the state of having to much glucose on the blood

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5
Q

what is hypoglycaemia?

A

the state of having too little glucose in the blood

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6
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

stores vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and produces bile

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7
Q

what is the function of the Pancreas?

A

detects blood glucose concentration, and secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon to alter the amount of glucose in the blood

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8
Q

what is glucose used for within the body

A

respiration and provides energy to cells and organs

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9
Q

What is mechanical digestion?

A

digestion that occurs in the oral cavity and stomach, large pieces of food are ingested and physically broken down into smaller pieces

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10
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

Chemical – digestion that occurs in the oral cavity and stomach, food is broken down using enzymes like amylase, acid and bile into nutrients for absorption

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11
Q

what is the function of the oral cavity?

A

provides mechanical digestion

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12
Q

what is the function of the esophagus?

A

moves food via peristalsis

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13
Q

what is the function of the stomach?

A

provides chemical digestion

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14
Q

what is the function of the duodenum?

A

emulsifies fat and neutralises stomach acid, bile is added to it from the liver

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15
Q

what is the function of the Large intestine?

A

absorbs water and water soluble nutrients through villi

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16
Q

what is the function of the rectum?

A

allows waste matter to be stored prior to excretion

17
Q

What is the function of the anus?

A

is the exterior opening of the body for the excretion of faeces

18
Q

what is the function of villi?

A

provide a larger surface area for the absorption of nutrients. contains a network of capillaries for effective diffusion of molecules

19
Q

What is a hind-gut fermenter?

A

has one simple stomach, and a larger specialised organ called the caecum

20
Q

What is the function of the caecum?

A

found in hind-gut fermenters, microbes ferment food and breakdown cellulose

Animal Biology (3 decks)

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