digestive system 1

Question 1

includes the organs that ingest, transport and digest food into smaller usable components

Answer 1

digestive system

Question 2

that is included in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract)

Answer 2

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine

Question 3

what are the accessory digestive organs

Answer 3

teeth, tounge, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas

Question 4

6 functions of the digestive system

Answer 4

1. ingestion
2. swallowing
3. secretion
4. digestion
5. absorption
6. defecation

Question 5

bolus

Answer 5

food mashed up all together in the digestive system

Question 6

peristalsis

Answer 6

rhythmic muscle contractions moving bolus in 1 direction

Question 7

segmentation

Answer 7

mixing as bolus moves

Question 8

purpose of acid in digestive system

Answer 8

breaking down substances

Question 9

purpose of bile in digestive system

Answer 9

emulsifies fats

Question 10

mechanical digestion

Answer 10

physical break down of injested material into smaller pieces

Question 11

chemical digestion

Answer 11

chemical breakdown of injested material into smaller molecules using enzymes

Question 12

what is the mouth composed of

Answer 12

anterior- teeth and lips
posterior- oropharynx
roof- hard and soft palates
floor- tongue and muscles covered with mucosa

Question 13

vestibule in the oral cavity

Answer 13

space between the cheeks or lips and the gums

Question 14

oral cavity proper in the oral cavity

Answer 14

region central to the alveolar processes of the mandible and maxillae

Question 15

what muscle makes up most of the cheeks

Answer 15

buccinator

Question 16

what forms the lips

Answer 16

obicularis oris

Question 17

what do the gingivae do

Answer 17

help support the teeth

Question 18

superior and inferior labial frenulum

Answer 18

extend from the lips to the gingivae and connects the lips to the gums

Question 19

these monitor ingested food and drink for harmful antigens

Answer 19

palatine tonsils

Question 20

composed of skeletal muscle, assists in mastication, in swallowing, has taste buds and helps with speech

Answer 20

tongue

Question 21

anchors the tongue to the floor of the mouth

Answer 21

lingual frenulum

Question 22

what gland is located on the lingual frenulum

Answer 22

submandibular salivary ducts (used for gleeking)

Question 23

contains amylase which breaks down starch to maltose. It also contains lysozyme and antibacterial substance

Answer 23

saliva

Question 24

what are the 3 pairs of glands that produce saliva

Answer 24

parotid gland
submandibular gland
sublingual gland

Question 25

largest salivary glands that are located near the ear, partially overlying the masseter muscle. Opens into the vestibule near the second upper molar

Answer 25

parotid salivary glands

Question 26

mumps

Answer 26

swollen parotid gland

Question 27

gland inferior to the body of the mandible

Answer 27

submandibular salivary glands

Question 28

gland located inferior to the tongue and open onto the inferior surface of the oral cavity

Answer 28

sublingual salivary gland

Question 29

what innervates the parotid glands

Answer 29

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 30

what innervates the submandibular and sublingual glands

Answer 30

facian nerve (CN VII)

Question 31

this stimulates salivary gland secretion (anticipation of tasty food)

Answer 31

parasympathetic innervation

Question 32

this inhibits normal secretion, which is why persons who are frightened experience the sensation of a dry mouth

Answer 32

sympathetic stimulation

Question 33

what holds the teeth into the dental alveoli

Answer 33

periodontal ligaments

Question 34

what are your incisors used for

Answer 34

cutting

Question 35

what are your canines for

Answer 35

tearing

Question 36

what are your molars for

Answer 36

grinding

Question 37

another name for the third molar

Answer 37

wisdom teeth

Question 38

how many incisors are on one quadrant of the mouth

Answer 38

2

Question 39

how many canines are on one quadrant of the mouth

Answer 39

1

Question 40

how many premolars are on one quadrant of the mouth

Answer 40

2

Question 41

how many molars are on one quadrant of the mouth

Answer 41

3

Question 42

funnel shaped structure that connects the oral and nasal cavities to the esophagus and trachea

Answer 42

pharynx

Question 43

what nerve innervates most of the pharyngeal muscles

Answer 43

vagus nerves (CN X)

Question 44

what are some retroperitoneal organs

Answer 44

pancreas and kidneys

Question 45

double-layered fold of the peritoneum that support and stabilize intraperitoneal organs

Answer 45

mesenteries

Question 46

covers most of the small intestine and inferior abdominal organs

Answer 46

greater omentum

Question 47

connects to small intestine

Answer 47

mesentery proper

Question 48

connects to large intestine

Answer 48

mesocolon

Question 49

attaches the stomach and upper duodenum to inferior surface of liver

Answer 49

lesser omentum

Question 50

attaches the liver to the inferior portion of the diaphragm and to the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 50

falciform ligament

Question 51

connects the laryngopharynx to the stomach. It passes through the diaphragm via the esophageal hiatus

Answer 51

esophagus

Question 52

sphincters in order

Answer 52

1. orbicularis oris 2. superior esophageal 3. inferior esophageal 4. pyloric 5. ileocecal valve 6. anal

Question 53

what kind of muscle does the esophagus have

Answer 53

both skeletal and smooth

Question 54

semidigested mass in the stomach

Answer 54

chyme

Question 55

initiates the digestion of proteins, has only minimal absorption and moves materials on to the small intestine

Answer 55

stomach

Question 56

stops air from entering the esophagus

Answer 56

upper esophageal sphincter

Question 57

stops food from leaving stomach up into the esophagus

Answer 57

lower esophageal sphincter

Question 58

allow stretching of the stomach

Answer 58

gastric rugae

Question 59

symptoms of peptic ulcers

Answer 59

burning pain, usually worse after eating, nausea, vomiting and dark/tarlike stools

Question 60

causes peptic ulcers

Answer 60

gastritis, use of NSAIDS, helicobacter pylori bacteria