Digestive Disorders Flashcards
Diarrhea sees an increase in ___ movements and a decrease in ____ movements.
increase: propulsive
decrease: segmental
Multiple, patchy ulcerations most commonly affected the ileum & ileocecal area resulting in scarring & thickening of the bowel describes…
Crohn’s disease
Broad areas of ulcerations of the mucosa from the descending colon to rectum, with periods of pain, bloody diarrhea and remission describes…
ulcerative colitis
Outpouchings in the wall of the colon or small intestine is called…
diverticulosis
Nausea, vomiting, low grade fever and LRQ pain could indicate…
appendicitis
Differentiate IBS and IBD
IBS does not see inflammation and scarring/thickening of the mucosa, whereas IBD does. IBS is more of a functional issue.
This disease is believed to be caused by segmental smooth mm spasm of the bowel, increasing pressure to cause mucosal extrusions at the weakest points in the muscular wall.
Diverticulosis
H. Pylori overgrowth is a common cause of…
peptic ulcers
Which muscle can compress the large colon when hypertrophied?
iliopsoas
Where do psoas major triggerpoints refer?
low back parallel to the spine
groin
front of thighs
What type of hernia is most common in infants?
umbilical hernia (d/t defective umbilical ring)
What/where is McBurney’s point?
2/3s the distance from the navel to the right ASIS
It will be maximally tender in cases of acute appendicitis
The hepatic flexure is found on the ___ side of the body.
right
The splenic flexure is found on the ___ side of the body.
left
What is the function of gastrin?
stimulates production of gastric acid to secrete pepsinogen & HCl acid
What stimulates release of gastrin?
food arriving in the stomach
What is the function of secretin? Where is it released?
in the S.I./duodenum
it regulates acidity - stimulating release of sodium bicarb and bile from the liver
What does CCK do?
stimulates release of pancreatic enzymes in response to fat in the chyme
What does GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide) do?
decreases stomach churning to slow stomach emptying AND induce insulin secretion
What is the function of motilin?
has a role in fat metabolism - stimulates production of pepsin
__% of population suffers from constipation
25%
A board-like abdomen would mean…
there is a medical emergency! peritonitis, appendix rupture… sign of peritoneal inflammation
Where will diverticulitis pain be felt?
LLQ or epigastric region, often referring to the back
IBS pain is/is not relieved after a bowel movement.
IS
What is Rovsing’s sign?
Pain felt in the RLQ upon palpation of the left side of the abdomen, indicating acute appendicitis
What is Carnett’s sign?
when you palpate an abdominal site with flexed abdominal muscles… if there is increased pain, the source is muscular. if there is no increased pain, the source is visceral
How would you test for rebound tenderness? What else is this sign called?
apply pressure to McBurney’s point quickly/briefly, remove hands and see if pain felt on RELEASE of the palpation rather than when pressure is applied
if abdominal mm spasm/pain upon release, suggestive of appendicitis
Blumberg’s sign
True or false: bleeding is common with Crohn’s disease
false
True or false: ulcerative colitis usually occurs in the lower right abdomen
FALSE, lower left
True or false: ulcerative colitis sees continuous inflammation limited to the large intestine, penetrating the inner lining of the intestine only
true
Which digestive disease presents with cobblestoning?
Crohn’s
Violent, bloody diarrhea is a hallmark symptom of…
ulcerative colitis
True or false: Crohn’s disease may have anal fistulae, abscesses, and ulcers, but the rectum is often spared
true
True or false: Crohn’s disease may involve any segment of the GI tract from mouth to anus
true
