Digestive Flashcards
1
Q
controls secretion
A
submucosal plexus
2
Q
controls GI motility
A
myenteric plexus
3
Q
increases activity of digestive system
A
parasympathetic impulses
4
Q
inhibit certain digestive actions
A
sympathetic impulses
5
Q
upper expanded portion which forms the beginning of the alimentary canal
A
mouth
6
Q
concerned with mastication
A
teeth
7
Q
number of permanent teeth
A
32
8
Q
number of temporary teeth
A
30
9
Q
not a part of the digestive system
A
nasopharynx
10
Q
situated posterior to the oral cavity
A
oropharynx
11
Q
situated below the oropharynx and connected to the esophagus
A
laryngopharynx
12
Q
clear, water, serous fluid and is rich in amylase
A
parotid glands
13
Q
primary mucus and most viscous
A
sublingual glands
14
Q
primary serous fluid and some mucus
A
submandibular glands
15
Q
mucus muscular membrane lined tube
A
oesophagus
16
Q
they perform peristalsis movement
A
oesophagus
17
Q
involuntary rhythmic muscle contractions
A
peristalsis movement
18
Q
secretes the alkaline mucous for protecting the epithelium from HCl
A
Mucus cells
19
Q
secrete HCl; the acid activates release of pepsin for protein digestion.
A
parietal cells
20
Q
the acid also kills microorganisms swallowed with the food
A
HCl
21
Q
secret pepsin.
A
chief cells
22
Q
located in the fundic region
A
chief cells
23
Q
secretes gastrin
A
G- Cells
24
Q
stimulates the secretion of HCl
A
gastrin
25
gastric juices
```
pepsinogen
pepsin
mucus
intrinsic factor
HCl
```
26
gastric juices from the chief cells
pepsinogen
27
inactive form of pepsin
pepsinogen
28
gastric juices from the parietal cells
HCl
| intrinsic factor
29
from pepsinogen in presence of HCL
pepsin
30
protein splitting enzyme
pepsin
31
needed to convert pepsinogen to pepsin
HCl
32
from goblet cells and mucous glands
mucus
33
protective to stomach wall
mucus
34
required for Vit B12 absorption
intrinsic factor
35
Phases of Gastric Secretion
cephalic
gastric
intestinal
36
triggered by smell, taste, sight or thought of food
cephalic phase
37
parasympathetic impulses trigger gastric juices secretion
cephalic phase
38
triggered by presence of food in the stomach
gastric phase
39
gastrin released
gastric phase
40
gastric juices secreted
gastric phase
41
triggered by movement of food into the small intestine
intestinal phase
42
intestinal cells release intestinal gastrin
intestinal phase
43
secretion of gastric juice
intestinal phase
44
regulates the rate at which chyme leaves the stomach
enterogastric reflex
45
closely associated with duodenum of the small intestine
pancreas
46
pancreatic juices
amylase, lipase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, nuclease, bicarbonate ions
47
splits glycogen into disaccharides
pancreatic amylase
48
breaks down triglycerides
pancreatic lipase
49
digests proteins
trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
50
digest nucleic acids
nuclease
51
make pancreatic juice alkaline
bicarbonate ons
52
stimulate the release of pancreatic juice
secretin
53
produces glycogen from glucose
liver
54
breaks down glycogen into glucose
liver
55
converts noncarbohydrates to glucose
liver
56
oxidizes fatty acids
liver
57
deaminates amino acids
liver
58
forms urea
liver
59
synthesizes plasma proteins
liver
60
stores glycogen
liver
61
phagocytosis of worn out RBC
liver
62
removes toxins
liver
63
produces and secretes
liver
64
formation of bile
liver
65
yellowish green liquid that hepatic cells continously secrete
bile
66
part of the alimentary canal which extended from the pyloric end of the stomach to caecum
small intestine
67
C-shaped fixed structure which is attatched to posterior abdominal wall by peritoneum. it is where the bile duct and panc. duct open together
duodenum
68
cont. of duodenum and is the middle portion of small intestine
jejunum
69
forms the last part of small intestine
ileum
70
suspends portions of the small intestine from the posterior abdominal wall
mesentery
71
a fold of the peritoneum which attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, blah blah to the posterior wall of the abdomen
mesentery
72
secretions of the small intestine
peptidase, sucrase, maltase, lactase, lipase, enterokinase, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, secretin
73
breaks down peptides into amino acids
peptidase
74
break down disaccharides into monosaccharides
sucrase, maltase, lactase
75
breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
lipase
76
converts trypsinogen into trypsin
enterokinase
77
hormone that inhibits acid secretion by stomach
somatostatin
78
hormone that inhibits gastric juices, stimulates pancreas to release enzymes in pancreatic juice, stimulates gallbladder to release bile
cholecystokinin
79
stimulate pancreas to release bicarbonate ions in pancreatic juice
secretin
80
minute finger like projections which are present in the inner mucous coat of the intestine
Villi
81
pushing movements
peristalsis
82
ringlike contracions
segmentation
83
extends from the end of ileum to rectum
large intestine
84
carried out by microorganisms of colon
digestion
85
they act on the undigested and unabsorbed residue from small intestine
digestion
86
all carbohydrate, protein and fat are already absorbed in the small intestine. only water and glucose are absorbed in the colon
absorption
87
mucin is the only secretion
secretion
88
it lubricates the colon and facilitates the passage of fecal matter
secretion
89
iron and some purgatives are excreted in large intestine
excretion
90
policeman of the abdomen
peritoneum
91
small intestine folds
mesentery
92
large intestine folds
mesocolon
93
stomach folds
omentum
94
organ / abdominal wall folds
ligaments
95
inflammation of the esophagus. may be acute or chronic
esophagitis
96
inflammation, irritation or erosion of the lining of the stomach. may be acute or chronic
gastritis
97
a break in the lining of the stomach, first part in the small intestine or occasionally in the lower esophagus
peptic ulcer disease
98
ulcer in the stomach
gastric ulcer q
99
ulcer in the small intestine
duodenal ulcer
100
ulcerations in the mucusa of the lower esophagus, stomach or duodenum
peptic ulcer disease
101
inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
102
not washing hands or eating raw shellfish
hepa A
103
chronic; serum
hepa B
104
serum
hepa C
105
very severe; only produces symptoms if infected with b; serum
Hepa D
106
more rare
Hepa E, F, G
