blood Flashcards
1
Q
adult blood volume
A
5 liters
2
Q
form mostly in the red bone marrow
A
blood cells
3
Q
maintains the stability of interstitial fluid
A
blood
4
Q
transports vital substances
A
blood
5
Q
biconcave discs
A
rbc
6
Q
components of hemoglobin
A
oxyhemoglobin
deoxyhemoglobin
7
Q
able to readily squeeze through capillaries
A
rbc
8
Q
lack nuclei and mitochondria
A
rbc
9
Q
rbc count in male
A
4.6M-6.2M
10
Q
rbc count in female
A
4.2M-5.4M
11
Q
rbc count in children
A
4.5M-5.1M
12
Q
stimulates rbc production
A
erythropoeitin
13
Q
negative feedback production
A
rbc production
14
Q
subunits of hemoglobin protein
A
hemes
15
Q
what gives blood its color
A
heme
16
Q
hemoglobin with oxygen
A
oxyhemoglobin
17
Q
hemoglobin without oxygen
A
deoxyhemoglobin
18
Q
hemoglobin that contains Fe3+ instead of Fe2+ in heme groups
A
methemoglobin
19
Q
CO binds to Fe2+ in heme in the case of CO poisoning or smoking
A
carbonylhemoglobin
20
Q
CO2 is non-covalent bound to globin chain of hemoglobin
A
carbaminohemoglobin
21
Q
formed simultaneously by nonenzymatic reaction with Glc.
A
glycohemoglobin
22
Q
substance that function in the DNA synthesis
A
vit b12
23
Q
substance that function in hemoglobin synthesis
A
iron
24
Q
substance that also function in DNA synthesis
A
folic acid
25
caused by toxic chemicals and raduation and defected by a damaged bone marrow
aplastic anemia
26
caused by toxic chemicals and defected by rbc destruction
hemolytic anemia
27
caused by dietary lack of action and is deficient in hemoglobin
iron deficiency anemia
28
caused by inability to absorbs vit b12 and an excess of immature cells
pernicious anemia
29
caused by a defective gene and abnormally shaped rbc
sickle cell disease
30
caused by a defective gene and is hemoglbin deficient, rbc short-lived
thalessemia
31
cells that protect against diseases
wbc
32
first to arrive at infections
neutrophils
33
lobed nucleus
neutrophils
34
elevated in bacterial infections
neutrophils
35
light purple granules in acid-base (neutral) stains
neutrophils
36
deep red granules in acid stain
eosinophiles
37
bi-lobed nucleus
eosinophils
38
moderate allergic reactions
eosinophils
39
defend against parasititc worm infestations
eosinophils
40
elevated in parasitic worm infections and allergic reactions
eosinophils
41
deep blue granules in basic stain
basophils
42
release histamine
basophils
43
release heparin
basophils
44
largest of all blood cells
monocytes
45
spherical, kidney shaped oval or lobed nuclei
monocytes
46
may leave the bloodstream to become macrophages
monocytes
47
phagocytize bacteria, dead cells and other debris
monocytes
48
slightly larger than rbc
lymphocytes
49
large spherical nucleus surrounded by thin rim of cytoplasm
lymphocytes
50
t cells and b cells
lymphocytes
51
kind of lymphocytes that releases antibofies
b cells
52
low wbc count
leukopenia
53
high wbc count
leukocytosis
54
hairy cell leukemia, whopping cough, mononucleosis
elevated lymphocytes
55
tapeworm infestation, hookworm infestation, allergic reactions
elevated eosinophils
56
typhoid fever, malaria, tuberculosis
elevated monocytes
57
bacterial infections
elevated neutrophils
58
cell fragments of megakaryocytes
blood platelets
59
lack nucleus and are roughly half the size of a rbc
platelets
60
they help repair damaged blood vesells by sticking to broken surfaces
platelets
61
liquid portion of the blood
plasma
62
functions include transporting nutrients, gases and vitamins
blood plasma
63
helps regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and maintain pH
blood plasma
64
most abundant dissolves substances
plasma proteins
65
helps maintain colloid osmotic pressure
albumin
66
transports lipids and far-soluble vitamins
alpha globulins and beta globulins
67
constitute the antibodies of immunity
gamma globulins
68
plays a key role in blood coagulation
fibrinogen
69
product of protein catabolism; about 50% of nonprotein nitrogenous substances
urea
70
product of nucleic acid catabolism
uric acid
71
product of protein catabolism
amino acids
72
stores phosphates
creatine
73
product of creatine metabolism
creatinine
74
indicates health of kidney
blood urea nitrogen or bun
75
stoppage of bleeding
hemostasis
76
triggered by pain receptors, platelet release or serotonin
blood vessel spasm
77
triggered by exposure of platelets to collagen
platelet plug formation
78
triggered by cellular damage and blood contract with foreign substances
blood coagulation
79
chemical outside of blood vessels triggers blood coagulation
extrinsic clotting mechanism
80
triggered by tissue thromboplastin
extrinsic clotting mechanism
81
triggered when blood contacts damaged blood vessel walls or tissues
extrinsic clotting mechanism
82
chemical inside blood triggers blood coagulation
intrinsic clotting mechanism
83
triggered when blood contacts a foreign substance
intrinsic clotting mechanism
84
triggered by Hageman factor XII
intrinsic clotting mechanism
85
abnormal blood clot
thrombus
86
blood clot moving through the blood vessels
embolus
87
inhibits adherence of platelets to blood vessel wall
prostacyclin
88
absorbs thrombin
fibrin threads
89
clumping of rbc in response to a reaction between an antibody and an antigen
agglutination
90
a chemical that stimulates cells to produce antibodies
antigen
91
a protein that reacts against a specific antigen
antibodies
