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AnaPhy > blood > Flashcards

blood Flashcards

1
Q

adult blood volume

A

5 liters

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2
Q

form mostly in the red bone marrow

A

blood cells

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3
Q

maintains the stability of interstitial fluid

A

blood

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4
Q

transports vital substances

A

blood

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5
Q

biconcave discs

A

rbc

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6
Q

components of hemoglobin

A

oxyhemoglobin

deoxyhemoglobin

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7
Q

able to readily squeeze through capillaries

A

rbc

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8
Q

lack nuclei and mitochondria

A

rbc

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9
Q

rbc count in male

A

4.6M-6.2M

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10
Q

rbc count in female

A

4.2M-5.4M

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11
Q

rbc count in children

A

4.5M-5.1M

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12
Q

stimulates rbc production

A

erythropoeitin

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13
Q

negative feedback production

A

rbc production

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14
Q

subunits of hemoglobin protein

A

hemes

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15
Q

what gives blood its color

A

heme

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16
Q

hemoglobin with oxygen

A

oxyhemoglobin

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17
Q

hemoglobin without oxygen

A

deoxyhemoglobin

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18
Q

hemoglobin that contains Fe3+ instead of Fe2+ in heme groups

A

methemoglobin

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19
Q

CO binds to Fe2+ in heme in the case of CO poisoning or smoking

A

carbonylhemoglobin

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20
Q

CO2 is non-covalent bound to globin chain of hemoglobin

A

carbaminohemoglobin

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21
Q

formed simultaneously by nonenzymatic reaction with Glc.

A

glycohemoglobin

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22
Q

substance that function in the DNA synthesis

A

vit b12

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23
Q

substance that function in hemoglobin synthesis

A

iron

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24
Q

substance that also function in DNA synthesis

A

folic acid

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25
Q

caused by toxic chemicals and raduation and defected by a damaged bone marrow

A

aplastic anemia

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26
Q

caused by toxic chemicals and defected by rbc destruction

A

hemolytic anemia

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27
Q

caused by dietary lack of action and is deficient in hemoglobin

A

iron deficiency anemia

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28
Q

caused by inability to absorbs vit b12 and an excess of immature cells

A

pernicious anemia

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29
Q

caused by a defective gene and abnormally shaped rbc

A

sickle cell disease

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30
Q

caused by a defective gene and is hemoglbin deficient, rbc short-lived

A

thalessemia

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31
Q

cells that protect against diseases

A

wbc

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32
Q

first to arrive at infections

A

neutrophils

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33
Q

lobed nucleus

A

neutrophils

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34
Q

elevated in bacterial infections

A

neutrophils

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35
Q

light purple granules in acid-base (neutral) stains

A

neutrophils

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36
Q

deep red granules in acid stain

A

eosinophiles

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37
Q

bi-lobed nucleus

A

eosinophils

38
Q

moderate allergic reactions

A

eosinophils

39
Q

defend against parasititc worm infestations

A

eosinophils

40
Q

elevated in parasitic worm infections and allergic reactions

A

eosinophils

41
Q

deep blue granules in basic stain

A

basophils

42
Q

release histamine

A

basophils

43
Q

release heparin

A

basophils

44
Q

largest of all blood cells

A

monocytes

45
Q

spherical, kidney shaped oval or lobed nuclei

A

monocytes

46
Q

may leave the bloodstream to become macrophages

A

monocytes

47
Q

phagocytize bacteria, dead cells and other debris

A

monocytes

48
Q

slightly larger than rbc

A

lymphocytes

49
Q

large spherical nucleus surrounded by thin rim of cytoplasm

A

lymphocytes

50
Q

t cells and b cells

A

lymphocytes

51
Q

kind of lymphocytes that releases antibofies

A

b cells

52
Q

low wbc count

A

leukopenia

53
Q

high wbc count

A

leukocytosis

54
Q

hairy cell leukemia, whopping cough, mononucleosis

A

elevated lymphocytes

55
Q

tapeworm infestation, hookworm infestation, allergic reactions

A

elevated eosinophils

56
Q

typhoid fever, malaria, tuberculosis

A

elevated monocytes

57
Q

bacterial infections

A

elevated neutrophils

58
Q

cell fragments of megakaryocytes

A

blood platelets

59
Q

lack nucleus and are roughly half the size of a rbc

A

platelets

60
Q

they help repair damaged blood vesells by sticking to broken surfaces

A

platelets

61
Q

liquid portion of the blood

A

plasma

62
Q

functions include transporting nutrients, gases and vitamins

A

blood plasma

63
Q

helps regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and maintain pH

A

blood plasma

64
Q

most abundant dissolves substances

A

plasma proteins

65
Q

helps maintain colloid osmotic pressure

A

albumin

66
Q

transports lipids and far-soluble vitamins

A

alpha globulins and beta globulins

67
Q

constitute the antibodies of immunity

A

gamma globulins

68
Q

plays a key role in blood coagulation

A

fibrinogen

69
Q

product of protein catabolism; about 50% of nonprotein nitrogenous substances

A

urea

70
Q

product of nucleic acid catabolism

A

uric acid

71
Q

product of protein catabolism

A

amino acids

72
Q

stores phosphates

A

creatine

73
Q

product of creatine metabolism

A

creatinine

74
Q

indicates health of kidney

A

blood urea nitrogen or bun

75
Q

stoppage of bleeding

A

hemostasis

76
Q

triggered by pain receptors, platelet release or serotonin

A

blood vessel spasm

77
Q

triggered by exposure of platelets to collagen

A

platelet plug formation

78
Q

triggered by cellular damage and blood contract with foreign substances

A

blood coagulation

79
Q

chemical outside of blood vessels triggers blood coagulation

A

extrinsic clotting mechanism

80
Q

triggered by tissue thromboplastin

A

extrinsic clotting mechanism

81
Q

triggered when blood contacts damaged blood vessel walls or tissues

A

extrinsic clotting mechanism

82
Q

chemical inside blood triggers blood coagulation

A

intrinsic clotting mechanism

83
Q

triggered when blood contacts a foreign substance

A

intrinsic clotting mechanism

84
Q

triggered by Hageman factor XII

A

intrinsic clotting mechanism

85
Q

abnormal blood clot

A

thrombus

86
Q

blood clot moving through the blood vessels

A

embolus

87
Q

inhibits adherence of platelets to blood vessel wall

A

prostacyclin

88
Q

absorbs thrombin

A

fibrin threads

89
Q

clumping of rbc in response to a reaction between an antibody and an antigen

A

agglutination

90
Q

a chemical that stimulates cells to produce antibodies

A

antigen

91
Q

a protein that reacts against a specific antigen

A

antibodies

AnaPhy (5 decks)

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