Digestion Study Guide

Question 0

Enterocytes

Answer 0

Columnar epithelial cells located in the small intestine. These cells contain microvilli that increase surface area to aid the absorption of nutrients

Question 1

Zymogens

Answer 1

Inactive precursor to endogenous enzymes

Question 2

Globlet cells

Answer 2

Glandular epithelial cells that secrete mucin

Question 3

What role does HCl and pepsinogen serve in gastric digestion?

Answer 3

HCl denatures proteins and reacts with pepsinogen which cleaves pepsinogen into pepsin (pepsinogens active form). Pepsin cleaves peptide bonds.

Question 4

What are the functions of mucin in the gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 4

Mucin produces globular leukocytes which helps the mucosa serve as a banner for bacteria in the intestinal tract. Also acts as a lubricant.

Question 5

Explain the process of protein digestion/absorption from the Proventriculus to the small intestine.

Answer 5

Proventriculus to HCl and pepsinogen
Mechanical to gizzard
Pancreas to activation of enzymes (zymogens, chymotrypsin, etc)
Small intestine= absorption

Question 6

What roles do eyes have for prehension?

Answer 6

Eyes have a panoramic binocular view and a high concentration of rods and cones.

Question 7

Why does digestion of carbohydrates, protein, and fat change as the bird advances with age?

Answer 7

At hatch the bird has an undeveloped digestive system along with immature enterocytes. These enterocytes contain microvilli that increase surface area to aid in the absorption of nutrients and will be present after 16 days of age.