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Medical language > DIGESTION CHAPTER 5 > Flashcards

DIGESTION CHAPTER 5 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

5 stages of digestion

A
  1. ingestion, 2.digestion, 3.absorbsion,4.assimilation5.elimination
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2
Q

diverticulosis

A

noninflamed out pouching of muscular lay of intesting

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3
Q

IBS irritable bowel syndrome

A

increased motility

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4
Q

Peptic Ulcers

A

breakdown of mucous membrane as a result of hyperacidity or bacteria

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5
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

chronic inflammatory condition resulting in break of mucous membrane in colon

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6
Q

Cheli/o

A

lip

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7
Q

dent/o

A

tooth

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8
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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9
Q

gloss

A
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10
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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11
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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12
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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13
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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14
Q

chole

A

bile

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15
Q

col/o

A

colon

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16
Q

amyl/o

A

starch

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17
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

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18
Q

-ase

A

enzyme

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19
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

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20
Q

rrhaphy

A

Suture

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21
Q

-ectasia

A

stretching

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22
Q

-ectomy

A

excision

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23
Q

-lysis

A

destruction

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24
Q

-tresia

A

perforation

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25
Q

what does the root word in Cheiloplasty mean?

A

Lip

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26
Q

what does the root word in Amylase mean?

A

startch

27
Q

What does the root word in the term Lithotripsy mean?

A

stone

28
Q

What does the suffix mean in the term Hyperemesis?

A

vomitting

29
Q

What does the term dyspepsia

A

digestion

30
Q

GI Tract

A

Allimentary Canal 30Ft. long begins with oral cavity and ends with Anus

31
Q

What are molars and premolars used for

A

Grinding

32
Q

what organ of the digestive system which removes solid wastes such as feces from the body

A

large intestine

33
Q

salivary gland and largest gland near the ear

A

parotid

34
Q

breaking down of insoluble substances using digestive enzymes

A

Chemical digestion

35
Q

the presence of a malignant neoplasm in the large intestine

A

colorectal cancer

36
Q

the opening at the end of the digestive tract in which solid wastes are eliminated

A

anus

37
Q

Pharynx

A

connects mouth with esophagus

38
Q

it is the type of digestion used in grinding, chewing, crushing of insoluble substances into smaller bits

A

physical (mechanical) digesting

39
Q

the small intestine is longer than the large intesting

A

yes/true

40
Q

what are incisors used for

A

cutting and slicing

41
Q

an unnaturally distended or swollen vein in the distal rectum or anus

A

hemorrhoid

42
Q

what type of acid is produced in the stomach

A

Hydrochloric acid

43
Q

decreased motility of the lower two thirds of the esophagus along with constriction of the lower esophageal sphincter

A

Achalasia

44
Q

Hormone produced by endocrine cells of the pancreas

A

insulin

45
Q

new opening from the colon to the outside of the body

A

cholostomy

46
Q

where is the most digested food absorbed

A

small intestine

47
Q

another name for the colon

A

large intestine

48
Q

Villi

A

fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption

49
Q

two types of the digestive system

A

alimentary canal/digestive tract

50
Q

bile

A

a substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles

51
Q

a yellow discoloration to the skin, mucous membranes and the sclera of the eye caused by greater than normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood

A

icterus

52
Q

breaking down of insoluble substances using digestive enzymes

A

chemical digestion

53
Q

where can glycogen be stored

A

Liver and muscles

54
Q

chemical digestion is

A

chemical reactions break down pieces of food into small nutrients that can be absorbed

55
Q

what is the function of the colon

A

absorbs water and vitamins into the blood stream

56
Q

tube connecting the throat to the stomach

A

esophagusin

57
Q

insulin

A

hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to regulated blood sugar

58
Q

chemical that helps speed things up in digestion

A

enzymes

59
Q

absorbtion

A

absorbing the small molecules into our bloodstream

60
Q

digestion

A

breakdown of food into very small molecules

61
Q

what organ produces bile and stores glycogen

A

gallbladder

62
Q

large organ in the ruq secretes bile, stores sugar produces blood proteins

A

liver

63
Q

roles of the liver

A

stores vitamins, brake down toxins from the body, breaks down old cells produces proteins, and stored glycogen for energy

64
Q

excision

A

recon cison new opening

Medical language (26 decks)

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