Digestion and Absorption

Question 1

___ emulsifies fats, and ___ digests them

Answer 1

bile, pancreatic enzymes

Question 2

About __ L of fluid passes thru the GI system each day

__L is ingested
The rest represent secretions from system

Answer 2

9L passes

2L ingested

Question 3

__mL of fluid is eliminated/lost in stool

Answer 3

100mL

Question 4

Enterocytes (which cover villi) have apical cell membrane bound _____ (enzyme)

Answer 4

peptidases and disaccharides

Question 5

crypts of Lieberkuhn

Answer 5

invaginations of epithelium between villi

lined with younger epithelial cells

Question 6

enterocyte contains

Answer 6

aa
glucose
monoglycerides
membrane enzymes

Question 7

enteric endocrine cell

Answer 7

gastrin
cholecystokinin
secretin

Question 8

major mech to inc surface area

Answer 8

intestinal folds
villus structures
microvilli
on apical surface of enterocytes

Question 9

where chyme undergoes largest amount of digestion with significant nutrient absorption

Answer 9

jejunum

Question 10

mainly involved w/ absorption of water/salts from material that has not been digested

Answer 10

colon

Question 11

iron absorption

Answer 11

duodenum

Question 12

B12 absorption

Answer 12

terminal ileum

Question 13

IF is secreted by

Answer 13

parietal cells of stomach

Question 14

IF binds B12 in the ___, and escorts it to the ___.

Answer 14

duodenum
to the
terminal ileum

then absorbed into portal blood

Question 15

sugars/amino acids are absorbed via

Answer 15

carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion

Question 16

lactose
sucrose
maltose

Answer 16

disaccharides

Question 17

glucose
fructose
galactose

Answer 17

monosaccharides

Question 18

glucose and lactose are transported by which transporter

Answer 18

Na+dependent transport

Question 19

fructose is transported by which transporter

Answer 19

non-Na+ dependent transporter

Question 20

most transporters for aa into enterocyte are

Answer 20

Na-dependent co transporters

Question 21

di-peptides and tri-peptides are transported into enterocyte by

Answer 21

H+ ion dependent co-transporters

Question 22

micelles enable FA and CHL to come in contact with and easily diffuse across the _____.

triglycerides are then reassembled and enter the ____ where they are repackaged into _____

Answer 22

brush border (epithelial cells)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

chylomicrons

Question 23

chylomicrons contain many of components found in micelle EXCEPT

Answer 23

bile acids

Question 24

chylomicrons are secreted from cell by ______ into the ______

Answer 24

exocytosis; lymphatics

Question 25

about ____mL of fluid leave the SI and enter colon each day

Answer 25

1500mL

Question 26

__mL of the fluid entering the SI, is lost in stool

Answer 26

100mL

Question 27

Which transports more water, colon epithelial cell, or small intestinal cell?

Answer 27

colon epithelial cell

Question 28

5 cell types of SI

Answer 28

enterocyte
goblet cell
enteric endocrine cell
stem/progenitor cell
paneth cell (lysozyme)

Question 29

FAs and glycerol are absorbed through

Answer 29

diffusion

Question 30

of all enzymes, only ____ and ____ need to be activated

Answer 30

stomach and pancreatic proteases