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Digestive System > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

0
Q

3 monosaccharides

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

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1
Q

3 types carbohydrate

A

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

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2
Q

3 disaccharides

A

Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose

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3
Q

Polysaccharides 3 kinds

A

Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose

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4
Q

Where are glucose, fructose and galactose absorbed

A

Small intestines

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5
Q

What does Maltose breakdown to when digested to its monosaccharide units

A

Glucose + glucose

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6
Q

What does sucrose break down to when digested to its monosaccharide units

A

Glucose + fructose

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7
Q

What does lactose breakdown to when digested to monosaccharide units

A

Glucose + galactose

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8
Q

Monosaccharide unit of starch

A

Glucose

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9
Q

Monosaccharide unit of glycogen

A

Glucose

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10
Q

Can cellulose be digested

A

No it’s indigestible fibre

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11
Q

Where are toxins stored

A

In adipose tissue

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12
Q

Why don’t you want to lose weight too quickly

A

If you are losing fat you will be detoxing too

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13
Q

3 functions carbohydrates

A

Energy
Connective tissues
Cell to cell recognition

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14
Q

Brains preferred energy source

A

Glucose

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15
Q

3 kinds dietary lipids

A

Fats & oils (triglycerides)
Phospholipids
Cholesterol

16
Q

Predominant dietary lipid is

A

Triglycerides

17
Q

Triglycerides composed of

A

A glycerol & 3 fatty acids

18
Q

2 types fatty acids

A

Saturated/unsaturated

Mono/poly

19
Q

What are triglycerides digested down to

Where are they absorbed

A

Glycerol 3 fatty acids

Small intestine

20
Q

Phospholipids composed of

A

2 fatty acid tails
Head of phosphate
An amine

21
Q

Phospholipids digested to

A

Free fatty acids

22
Q

How is cholesterol absorbed

A

U digested

23
Q

5 functions of dietary lipids

A 
Energy
Insulation
Cell membranes
Hormones
Emulsification
24
Q

Cholesterol is raw material for lots of what

A

Hormones

25
Q

What is the myeline sheath

A

A coating of fat that covers them

26
Q

What is MS

A

Erosion of myeline sheath

27
Q

What must happen to proteins before the amino acids are cleaved apart

A

Denatured

28
Q

What type enzymes cleave amino acids apart

A

Protease enzymes

29
Q

Where can free amino acids be absorbed

A

Small intestine

30
Q

6 functions proteins

A 
Immunity
Structures (muscles, collagen)
Enzymes
Hormones
Neurotransmitters
Energy
31
Q

hormones are made up of

A

proteins

32
Q

describe process of denaturing protein

A

3D shape broken into string of amino acids

protease enzymes then chop up string

33
Q

what are enzymes

A

biological catalysts which speed up chemical reactions up to thousands of times

34
Q

are enzymes highly specific

A

yes! to what substrate they react with

35
Q

how to enzyme names usually end

A

in ‘ase’ unless protein related - ‘in’

36
Q

are enzymes changed or consumed in a chemical reaction

A

NO! they can perform the same one many times

37
Q

as enzymes are proteins they can easily be -

A

denatured/destroyed by PH/temperature changes

Digestive System (5 decks)

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