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F3 SE: Biology > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a positive Benedict’s test result?

A

Brick-red precipitate

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2
Q

What is the product of digestion, glucose, used for?

A

To release energy in respiration

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3
Q

What substance does Biuret Test test for?

A

Proteins

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4
Q

What substance does Benedict’s Test test for?

A

Sugar

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5
Q

What reagent should you use to test for lipids in food?

A

Ethanol Test

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6
Q

How do enzymes behave at the optimum pH?

A

They work the fastest. Reaction is carried out at it’s highest rate

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7
Q

What are the products of digeston, fatty acids and glycerol, used for?

A

To build new cell membranes and hormones

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8
Q

What are the roles of bile?

A

To neutralise stomach acid so enzymes in the small intestine can work aster under alkaline conditions (their optimum pH). To break down large fat droplets into small ones by emulsification.

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9
Q

What is the colour of Biuret solution?

A

Blue

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10
Q

What is a positive Ethanal test result?

A

Cloudy emulsion

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11
Q

Where are enzymes that are released into the small inestine released from?

A

The intestinal wall and the pancreas

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12
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A biological catalyst that speeds up a specifiy chemical reaction in cells. They remain unchanged at the end of a reaction

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13
Q

Where are enzymes that are released into the stomach release from?

A

Stomach wall

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14
Q

What is the product of digestion, amino acids, used for?

A

To build proteins like enzymes and antibodies

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15
Q

What is starch broken down into?

A

Maltose

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16
Q

What are enzymes made from?

A

Proteins

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17
Q

What are the products of digestion used for?

A

To build new carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Some glucose is also used in respiration

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18
Q

What does the enzyme amylase break starch down into?

A

Maltose

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19
Q

What is a negative Ethanal test result?

A

Colourless

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20
Q

What enzyzme break proteins down?

A

Protease

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21
Q

Where are enzymes that are released into the mouth released from?

A

The salivary glands

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22
Q

What does the enzyme lipase break lipids down into?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

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23
Q

What enzyme breaks carbohydrates down?

A

Carbohydrase

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24
Q

What is a negative Iodine test result?

A

Orange

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25
Q

What is the function of the mouth?

A

To physically break down food into smaller pieces to speed up swallowing

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26
Q

What does the enzyme protease break proteins down into?

A

Amino acids

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27
Q

What does the enzyme amylase break down?

A

Starch

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28
Q

How do enzymes behave at the optimum temperature?

A

They work the fastest. Reaction is carried out at it’s highest rate

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29
Q

What does the enzyme carbohydrase break carbohydrates down into?

A

Simple sugars

30
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

To produce bile to help digest fats

31
Q

What is the function of the gall bladder?

A

To store the bile produced by the liver

32
Q

Which enzymes are released into the stomach?

A

Protease

33
Q

What is a negative Benedict’s test result?

A

Blue

34
Q

What is the colour of Iodine solution?

A

Orange

35
Q

What are carbohydrates broken down into?

A

Simple sugars

36
Q

What are lipids broken down into?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

37
Q

What is a negative Biuret test result?

A

Blue

38
Q

What substance does Iodine Test test for?

A

Starch

39
Q

What reagent should you use to test for starch in food?

A

Iodine Test

40
Q

What are proteins broken down into?

A

Amino acids

41
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

It is a muscle contracting to move food through the digestive system. It ignores gravity, so you can eat upside down fine.

42
Q

What is the function of the oesophagus?

A

For food to travel down the tube to the stomach, by peristalsis

43
Q

What reagent should you use to test for sugar in food?

A

Benedict’s Test

44
Q

What does the enzyme lipase break down?

A

Lipids

45
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

To make and release digestive enzymes to break down food

46
Q

What is the induced fit model for enzymes?

A

When substrate binds to the complementary active site of a specific enzyme, the active site and substrate slightly change shape to fit more perfectly together. This makes it easier for the substrate to be broken down into products

47
Q

How do enzymes behave at a high temperature?

A

Enzymes are denatured. Their active site changes shape so substrates can no longer bind to it. No reaction is carried out.

48
Q

How do enzymes behave at a low pH?

A

Enzymes are denatured. Their active site changes shape so substrates can no longer bind to it. No reaction is carried out.

49
Q

What is the function of the large intestine?

A

To reabsorb water into the body leaving a solid waste

50
Q

How do enzymes behave at a low temperature?

A

They are inactive. These is not enough energy for enzymes and substrates to collide. Reaction happens at a low rate.

51
Q

What is the colour of Benedict’s solution?

A

Blue

52
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

To churn food and add digestive enzymes and acids

53
Q

What reagent should you use to test for proteins in food?

A

Biuret Test

54
Q

What enzyme breaks lipids down?

A

Lipase

55
Q

.What is the lock and key model for enzymes?

A

Substrate (key) binds to the complementary active site of a specific enzyme (lock) to form an enzyme-substrate complex. Substrate is broken down into products and products release from enzyme. Enzyme remains unchanged and can be used again

56
Q

How does an enzyme break down a substance?

A

A substrate binds to an enzyme forming an enzyme-substrate complex. The substrate is broken down into two products, whicha re the released from the enzyme. The enzyme can be used again to break down another substrate.

57
Q

What enzyme breaks starch down?

A

Amylase

58
Q

What is the colour of Ethanol solution?

A

Colourless

59
Q

How do enzymes behave at a high pH?

A

Enzymes are denatured. Their active site changes shape so substrates can no longer bind to it. No reaction is carried out.

60
Q

What does the enzyme protease break down?

A

Proteins

61
Q

What does the enzyme carbohydrase break down?

A

Carbohydrates

62
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

The liver

63
Q

What is a positive Iodine test result?

A

Blue black

64
Q

Which enzymes are released into the small intestine?

A

Carbohydrase, protease, lipase

65
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

The gall bladder

66
Q

What do enzymes do in digestion?

A

They break down large, insoluble molecules into smaller, soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

67
Q

What is a positive Biuret test result?

A

Purple

68
Q

Which enzymes are release into the mouth?

A

Amylase

69
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A

Where digestion occurs and small, soluble molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream

70
Q

What substance does Ethanol Test test for?

A

Lipids

F3 SE: Biology (6 decks)

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