Digestion

Question 1

Papillae (in mouth)

Answer 1

• pimple-like structures covering
  the surface of the tongue
• Taste buds

Question 2

Uvula (in mouth)

Answer 2

• hangs from the middle of the back of the soft palate
• prevents food from entering the
  nasopharynx area when swallowing

Question 3

Nasopharynx

Answer 3

Passage way between mouth and nose

Question 4

Salivary glands (in mouth)

Answer 4

• 2 parotids
• 2 sublingual
• 2 submandibular
• produces saliva to lubricate food
• contains Amylase (enzyme) which helps to digest disaccharides and starches

Question 5

What kinds of muscles are in the esophagus?

Answer 5

circular and longitudinal
- these muscles cause peristalsis

Question 6

Peristalsis

Answer 6

A series of normal coordinated, rhythmic muscle contractions, that occurs automatically to move food through the digestive tract

Question 7

mucin/mucous

Answer 7

a lubricant to aid in peristalsis

Question 8

Esophageal/cardiac sphincter
(circular ring of muscle at bottom of esophagus)

Answer 8

Controls flow of food into stomach

Question 9

Stomachs main function

Answer 9

Digests everything chemically and physically

Question 10

Gastric Glands (stomach)

Answer 10

secrete gastric juices to aid in chemical digestion

Question 11

How many layers are in the stomach?

Answer 11

3 layers

Question 12

What occurs in these layers? (stomach)

Answer 12

• Mechanical breakdown of food
• makes food into chyme
  (thick slushy liquid)

Question 13

Pyloric Sphincter (circular ring of muscle at bottom of stomach)

Answer 13

controls flow of food leaving the stomach

Question 14

How many layers does the small intestine have?

Answer 14

2 layers

Question 15

Duodenum (small intestine)

Answer 15

• Where pancreatic & bile duct open up has circular folds
• site of chemical breakdown

Question 16

JeJunum (small intestine)

Answer 16

breaks down remaining proteins
and carbohydrates so end products can be absorbed

Question 17

Ileum (small intestine)

Answer 17

• absorb digested nutrients
• push remaining undigested food into large intestine

Question 18

VillI & MicrovillI (small intestine)

Answer 18

high surface area for absorption

Question 19

What are the 4 parts of the large intestine/colon

Answer 19

Ascending, Transverse, Descending and Sigmold colons

Question 20

Function of the large intestine/colon

Answer 20

• Water and mineral absorption
• Bacteria produce vitamin B12, K, and some amino acids

Question 21

Rectum

Answer 21

Stores waste

Question 22

Anus

Answer 22

Controls waste elimination

Question 23

Liver

Answer 23

• detoxifies & filters blood by altering dangerous chemicals into harmless ones
• produces various digestive enzymes
• bile helps in fat digestion

Question 24

Pancreas

Answer 24

• sugar metabolism
• makes digestive juices to help duodenal digestion

Question 25

Spleen

Answer 25

monitors the immune system and stores blood cells

Question 26

Gall Bladder

Answer 26

stores bile that Is produced by the liver

Question 27

Appendix

Answer 27

Harbors good bacteria

Question 28

Chrohn’s disease

Answer 28

• an inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation of the digestive tract
• can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss and malnutrition