Diffrent Dietary Needs Flashcards
Babies
Milk only for first 4-6 months Weaning occurs from 6 months- introduce a wide variety of textures and colours Avoids nuts (choking hazard), fried foods, salt and sugar
Toddlers
Small portions Starchy food Variety of nutrients Limited sugar salt and fat
Children (5-10)
Balanced diet (eat well plate) Daily exercise High energy intake Need iron calcium vitamin D protein carbs and vitamin A Not over feed Limit sugar and fat
Teenagers (11-19)
Need more energy than adults More iron (girls) calcium and complementary vitamins Avoid snacks high in sugar and fat
Adults (20-65)
Don’t need as much energy Balanced diet Calories depends on amount of activity
Elderly (65-100+)
Less energy High protein Need iron calcium and vitamin D Fibre and fluids to avoid constipation
Pregnant women
More protein and more of most foods Enough iron calcium vitamin D A and B12 Fibre Folic acid for growth of nerves
Lactating women
Same as pregnant women but more vitamin C and 200 more calories
Lacto-ovo vegetarian
Don’t eat meat fish or poultry Need protein complementation Healthy benefits= lower rates of obesity heart disease high bp high cholesterol 2 diabetes and some cancers
Vegans
Don’t eat meat fish poultry animal products or meat replacements Easily miss out on calcium iron omega 3 vitamin D and B12
What are allergies
A damaging immune response from the body triggered by a substance usually a food pollen fur or dust There are different severity’s of allergic reactions
What are allergens
A substance that causes an allergic reactions and must be labelled on foods: Gluten crustaceans eggs fish peanuts soybeans milk nuts celery mustard sesame sulphur dioxide lupin and molluscs
Intolerances
An inability to eat food without an adverse effect More common than allergies Takes a while for symptoms to show E.g celiac and lactose intolerant
How does Buddhism effect what you eat
Refrain from meat/ vegetarian diet Fasting required from monks
How does Hinduism effect what you eat
No beef All other meat and fish is restricted Alcohol avoided Numerous fasting days
How does Islam effect what you eat
Pork and certain birds prohibited Alcohol prohibited Stimulants avoided (coffee) Fasting during Ramadan
How does Judaism effect what you eat
Pork and shellfish prohibited Meat and dairy not allowed in some meals Kosher food
