Differentials per symptom Flashcards
sore throat
ID: pharyngitis, retropharyngeal abscess, peritonsillar abscess, Infectious mononucleosis, epiglottitis, herpangina, COVID, HFMD, diphteria
Non-ID: esophagitis (hot food/drinks), GERD
Acute cough in distress
COVID
Bronchiolitis
Pneumonia
Asthma, BAIAE
Foreign body aspiration
laryngotracheitis
epiglottitis
tracheitis
subacute cough
Bronchitis
TB
Chlamydia PNM
Mycoplasma PNM
Rhinosinusitis
Chronic cough
Bronchitis
TB
Pertussis
GERD
TEF
Traceal ring
laryngeal cleft
Tracheomalacia
Acute cough (not in distress)
ID: URTI
Pneumonia, COVID, Croup
Non-ID: Asthma
Colds
ID: URTI, sinusitis
allergic rhinitis
non-allergic: mechanical, structural, FB, deviated septum, adenoids, tumors, rhinitis medicamentosa, vasomotor rhinitis
hormonal: pregnancy, hypothyroidism
neoplasms
Fever
COVID
URTI
Otitis media
Bacterial sinusitis
UTI
Bronchiolitis
Pneumonia
viral syndromes
dengue
typhoid fever
leptospirosis
occult bacteremia
CNS infections
PFAPA syndrome
FUO
Fever with rash
COVID
Viral exanthems (measles, rubella, roseola, chickenpox, erythema infectiosum, HFMD)
Meningococcemia
Dengue
Kawasaki disease
ARF
TSS
Scarlet fever
Headache
migraine
tension headache
brain tumor, abscess
pseudotumor cerebri
trauma
substance abuse/withdrawal
infections, meningitis
Seizure
Febrile seizure
CNS infection
brain tumor
metabolic and electrolyte imbalance (hypogly, hypoCa, hyperCa, hypoMg)
traumatic brain injury
Child abuse
toxic ingestion (Iron, isoniazid, kerosene, organophosphate)
Epilepsy
status epilepticus
Raised ICP
hydrocephalus
brain tumor
CNS infection
Intracranial hemorrhage
Trauma
Eye pain and discharge/swelling
conjunctivitis (viral, bacterial, allergic)
Otitis externa
FB/trauma
referred eye pain: sinus, teeth, pharynx, thyroid, parotid, neck
Diarrhea
AGE (viral, bacterial, protozoan, parasitic)
Malabsorption
Toddler’s diarrhea
Pseudomembranous colitis
Irritable bowel syndrome
COVID
Bloody stools
Infectious (bacterial, Shigella, Salmonella) E. coli, campylobacter, Yersinia
IBD
Anal fissure
bleeding peptic ulcer
intussusception
malrotation
Meckel’s diverticulum
Hema (platelet dysfunction)-ITP, vWD
Constipation
Functional
Hirschsprung disease
Hypothyroidism
Spinal cord abnormalities
lead poisoning
Pseudoobstruction
Fecal impaction
imperforate anus
dehydration
Botulism
Abdominal pain
GI: Appendicitis
AGE
Constipation
Intestinal obstruction
intussusception
malrotation with midgut volvulus
mesenteric adenitis
incarcerated hernia
cholecystitis/cholelithiasis/choledocholithiasis
acute pancreatitis
peptic ulcr
gastritis
Non-GI: UTI, renal colic, pneumonia, PID, sexual abuse, HSP, anaphylaxis
functional abdominal pain
Rash/Dermatitis
ID: Celullitis, Necrotizing fascitis, erysipelas, impetigo, SSSS, abscess, scrofula, scabies, pediculosis, molluscum contagiosum, tinea faciei
Derma: AD, dermatitis (contact, irritant, seb) hemangioma, SJS, TEN
Allergy
Atopic dermatitis
urticaria
angioedema
anaphylaxis
dermatitis
NB jaundice
physiologic jaundice: breastfeeding/breastmilk jaundice
ID: sepsis, TORCH, UTI
Hema: ABO incompatibility, RH incompatibility, G6PD deficiency,polycythemia, spherocytosis, elliptocytosis
Trauma: cephalhematoma, ecchymoses, caput
Maternal: GDM, SGA, twin to twin
GI: biliary atresia, choledocal cyst, hepatitis, pyloric stenosis
Metabolic: galactosemia, hypothyroidism
NB jaundice, prolonged
choledocal cyst
Biliary atresia
TORCH
Hepatitis
IEM
Delayed meconium
meconium ileus/plug
Hirschsprung disease
imperforate anus
Ileus
PT/LBW
electrolyte imbalance
maternal drugs (MgSO4, opiates, antidepressants)
NB drugs (theophylline, opiates, narcotics, hypothyroidism)
NB abdominal distention
NEC
Intussusception
sepsis
GI obstruction
diastasis recti
meconium ileus
Hirschsprung disease
hypothyroidism
small left bowel syndrome