differential diagnosis and medical screening- dr ross ppt

Question 1

what is a differential diagnosis?

Answer 1

the comparison of symptoms of similar diseases and medical diagnostics (laboratory and test procedures performed) so that a correct assessment of the patient/client’s actual problem can be made

Question 2

what reasoning model is used to facilitate a differential diagnosis?

Answer 2

hypotherico-deductive

Question 3

what is the decision-making model for medical screening?

Answer 3

clinical presentation (history, physical exam, and response to intervention)
associated signs and symptoms of systemic diseases
personal and family medical history
risk factor assessment
review of systems

Question 4

what are the three fundamental principles of evidence-based practice to improved patient outcomes?

Answer 4

individual clinical expertise, patient’s values and expectations, best available clinical evidence

Question 5

what happened when patients with MI didn’t have chest pain on presentation to hospital?

Answer 5

happened in 33% of this study
women, pts with DM, elderly
longer delay before hospital presentation
less likely to have an MI diagnosed and receive primary treatment
higher mortality rate (23% vs 9%)

Question 6

what are some heart attack symptoms in women one month before a heart atttack?

Answer 6

unusual fatigue (71%)
sleep disturbance (48%)
dyspnea (42%)
indigestion or GERD (39%)
anxiety (36%)
heart racing (27%)
arms weak/heavy (25%)

Question 7

what are some symptoms in women during a heart attack?

Answer 7

dyspnea (58%)
weakness (55%)
unusual fatigue (43%)
cold sweat (39%)
dizziness (39%)
nausea (36%)
arms weak/heavy (35%0

Question 8

fatigue accounts for approx how many patient visits a year in the US?

Answer 8

10 million

Question 9

what are some common causes of fatigue?

Answer 9

normal response to hard work, sustained stress, and grief

Question 10

when is fatigue a concern?

Answer 10

if interfering with function for more than 2-4 weeks (especially if not related to hard work, sustained stress or grief)

Question 11

what are some diagnoses that can cause fatigue?

Answer 11

depression, anxiety, rheumatic disease, anemic, infections, cardiac disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, chronic disease of the lungs kidney and liver, electrolyte imbalances, endocrine disorders, malignancies, nutritional deficits, adverse drug reactions