Dietary Reference Values (1D) Flashcards
Dietary Guideline Terminology - Change: Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA):
• Equal to the mean requirement plus 2SD
Dietary Guideline Terminology - Change: Reasons for Change:
- “Recommended” implies prescription
* “Allowance” further compounds prescriptive associations
Dietary Guideline Terminology - Change: New Terms:
• Dietary Reference Values (DRV’s)
– Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI)
– Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
– Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI)
– Safe Upper Level (UL)*
Key Definitions: Dietary Reference Values (DRV):
• Estimates the nutritional requirements of a population (assume normal distribution).
Key Definitions: Dietary Reference Values (DRV): DRV’s take into account:
– Gender
– Age
– Pregnancy / lactation
– Growth
Key Definitions: Dietary Reference Values (DRV): DRV’s do not take into account:
– Illness, trauma or metabolic stress (exercise?)
– Nutritional deficiency states
– Genetic abnormalities
Factors used to determine requirement?
Deprivation studies
Radioactive tracers
Balance studies
Factorial methods
Nutrient concentration in biological tissue
Biochemical markers
Application of DRV’s?
Not possible to determine an individuals requirement, but the degree of probability of meeting individual needs can be calculated based on DRV
Application of DRV’s: LRNI?
If intake<=EAR: The intake very likely needs to be improved because the probability of adequacy is <=50%
Application of DRV’s: EAR?
If intake >EAR but
Application of DRV’s: observational intake?
If intake>= RNI: High level of confidence (97.5%) that intake is adequate is observed over many days
Application of DRV’s: upper safe levels?
If intake >= UL: There is a potential risk of adverse effects if observed over a large number of days
