Diet & obesity

Question 1

What is obesity?

Answer 1

A BMI that scores higher than 30. A term used to describe somebody with a large content of fat in their body.

Question 2

What are the effects of obesity on sport?

Answer 2

Limits speed and power
- The person’s ability to move/react quickly enough is reduced, as well as the amount of force produced.

Limits cardiovascular endurance
- This makes it difficult to perform activities over long period of time.

Limits agility
- The person’s ability to change direction quickly is reduced because they have have a larger weight to move.

Limits flexibility
- The full range of motion at the joints is limited when performing skills

Question 3

What is obesity caused by?

Answer 3

An imbalance of the amount of calories taken in and the amount of calories burnt off through exercise.

Question 4

What is the suitable calorie intake based on?

Answer 4

Gender: males(2,500kcal), females(2,000kcal)
Age
Height
Energy expenditure
Basal metabolic rate

Question 5

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 5

A balanced diet is one that contains different types of foods that give us all of the nutrients we need to stay healthy.

Question 6

What is unused energy stored as in the body?

Answer 6

Fat

Question 7

How much carbs do we need in our diet?

Answer 7

55-60%

Question 8

How much fat do we need in our diet?

Answer 8

25-30%

Question 9

How much protein do we need in our diet?

Answer 9

15-20%

Question 10

Why do we need carbohydrates in our diet?

Answer 10

• Carbohydrates are the main source of glucose (sugar). They are the preferred energy source for the body.
• Carbohydrates can be used in aerobic or anaerobic respiration.
• Carbohydrates are found in 2 forms:
  
  • Simple carbohydrates (e.g. fruit, sweets and chocolate) provide a burst of energy for the body.
  • Complex carbohydrates (e.g. bread, pasta and rice) provide a slow release of energy that is useful for long distance events.

Question 11

Why do we need fats in our diet?

Answer 11

• Fats are an energy source that provide twice the amount of energy that carbohydrates do and can only be used when exercising at a low intensity.
• Fat comes in 2 forms: saturated and unsaturated.- - An excessive intake could lead to health problems including:
  -Heart disease.
  -High levels of cholesterol.
  
  • Narrowing of the blood
    vessels (reduced blood
    flow).

Question 12

Why do we need protein in our diet?

Answer 12

• Protein is needed in the body for the growth and repair of the body’s tissues.
• Protein is found in meat, eggs, fish, nuts and cereal.
• Strength-based athletes need large amounts of protein to develop muscle tissue to increase their power.

Question 13

Why do we need vitamins and minerals in our diet?

Answer 13

• Vitamins and minerals are mostly found in fruit and vegetables.
• They are needed to maintain healthy bodily function.
• Some vitamins and minerals have specific uses.
  
  • E.g calcium is good for bone growth and development.