Diet, metabolic rate, health & homeostasis (plus %) Flashcards
What 6 things are in our food?
- Protein
- Carbohydrates
- vitamins and Minerals
- Water
- Fats
- Fibre
Why do we need food?
- for growth and repair➡️to build and repair cells
- Muscles and organs to work
- Stay healthy
What is the definition of a Healthy Diet?
A diet containing the right balance of different foods and the right amount of energy.
What is protein needed for?
- Billions of cells in our body are made from protein.
- Growth & repair.
What do carbohydrates do?
- Provides energy.
- Should take up 40% of our diet.
- Sugars are carbohydrates.
what do fats do?
- should be 30% of our diet.
- Stores energy and is insulation for our body.
What do Vitamins and minerals do?
- essential for health➡️if missing ➡️become very ill
- small, regular amounts
What does water do?
- two thirds of our body weight
- need it for our cells and chemical reactions
What does Fibre do?
- important as absorbs poisonous waste from digesting food
- high fibre➡️sweetcorn & bran cereals
What is malnutrition?
When someone is lacking calories and their diet is unbalanced.
What is an example of malnutrition?
Kwashiorkor➡️become very skinny but bloated
What is metabolic rate?
The rate at which all chemical reactions in all the cells of the body take place.
What are some factors that affect your metabolic rate?
- Age
- Gender
What is the equation for working out BMI?
(body mass index)
weight in kg
___________
(height in m)²
What is deficiency disease?
When someone is lacking vitamins and minerals and can become very ill.
List a couple of health problems linked to obesity
- cancers
- heart disease
List some benefits of exercise
- increases the strength of your heart muscles
- increases your metabolic rate
- Increases muscle size
What is Homeostasis?
When all functions in body stay at a constant state.
On a hot day what happens to your body?
- we sweat
- have less urine
What is metabolism?
When all the chemicals reactions take place in the cells.
How do you work out the percentage increase of something?
- Work out the difference between the original amount and new amount of something.
- Put the difference of the top of a fraction, and the fist amount on the bottom of an equation.
- X by 100 = the answer
