diet and nutrition Flashcards
what are the two types of carbohydrates
simple and complex
what are simple carbs
fast release of energy used for anaerobic exercise
- quickest source of energy and easily digested.
what are complex carbs?
complex carbs are slow release of energy for aerobic exercise
- bread/pasta/rice
-takes longer for body to digest
what are carbs digested into?
glucose
what are the three types of fats?
- saturated fats
- cholesterol
- trans-fats
what are saturated fats?
found in sweet and savory food
- too much saturated fats leads to excessive weight gain
what happens if you have too much saturated fats?
- reduces stamina
- increased blood pressure
- limits flexibility
- hearts diseases
what is cholesterol?
cholesterol is found in the blood
- too much saturated fats can cause high cholesterol
where is cholesterol made?
made in the liver and carried by the blood as low density lipoprotein (LDL)
and high-density (HDL)
- too much LDL means fatty deposits developing in arteries
- negative effect on blood flow
what are trans-fats?
- are artificial hydrogenated fats and can be found in meat and dairy products.
what does too much trans-fats cause?
- lead to high levels of blood cholesterol, heart diseases and diabetes.
what are proteins
proteins are a combination of mainly chemicals and amino acids.
- they are important for muscle growth and repair.
- they also make enzymes, hormones and haemoglobin
why are proteins used by athletes
A major source of energy and tend to be used more by power athletes who have greater need for repair and develop muscles tissue.
what are the three different vitamins
- vitamin c
- vitamin-d
- vitamin-b
what are the four types of vitamin b’s?
- B1-thiamin
-B2- riboflavin
-B6 - B12- folate