Diet and Health Problems Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Obesity?
A medical condition characterised by the excessive storage of body fats, which may reduce life expectancy and increase the risk of other healthy problems such as diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease
What are the risk factors of obesity?
Excessive intake of calories
Sedentary lifestyle
Family history
Overconsumption of energy-dense food
How does one prevent obesity? State 2 way to prevent obesity
- Eat small and frequent meal throughout the day to prevent hunger
- increase intake of dietary fibre as it provides a feeling of fullness
- reduce sugar and fat intake
- Exercise regularly to prevent weight gain
What is hypertension?
Known as high blood pressure, which is whet blood is pumped at a persistently high pressure, causing unnecessary force and stress on the blood vessels and heart
What are 3 risk factors of hypertension?
Family history, stress, unhealthy diets, being overweight, obesity, physical inactivity, diet high in salt, saturated fats and trans fats
What are some preventions of hypertension?
Reduce the intake of salt to prevent excess fluid retention, reduce the intake of saturated fats, and exercise regularly to prevent being overweight or obese
What is the definition of type 2 diabetes?
When someone’s blood glucose levels are abnormally high over a prolonged period of time as their body is insulin- resistance
There are 2 risk factors for type 2 diabetes. State the risk factors
Family history of type 2 diabetes has a higher risk of developing this health problem
Physically inactive or obesity
What are some prevention for type 2 diabetes?
Increase intake of wholegrain (Dietary fibre) –> help with regulating release of glucose in the bloodstream
Strive for energy balance by reducing the intake of sugar and saturated fats
Regular exercise to maintain a healthy weight and help with regulating blood glucose levels
What is coronary heart disease?
It is when coronary artery to the heart is blocked, causing less blood to reach that part of the heart at a slower rate. Once the artery is fully blocked, a heart attack will occurr
There are 5 risk factors to coronary heart disease. State 3 of them
Family history, obesity, physical inactivity and hypertension and diabetes
What is the definition of dehydration?
Where the body;s water output is more than the body’s intake
What are some risks factors of dehydration?
Elderly, individuals who are sick, people who perform strenous tasks or sweat profusely
What are some preventions method for dehydration?
Consuming sufficient fluids
Stay well hydrated bfore during and after physical activities
What is heatstroke?
When the body fails to remove adequate heat & regulate body temp, internal body temp reach 40°C & above
What are some risk factors of heatstroke?
Insufficient fluid intake causing someone who is exposed to hot and humid environments for prolonged periods to be at risk
Poor acclimatisation to high temperatures, inadequate hydration and unsuitable clothing can lead to heatstroke
What are some prevention to heatstroke?
Drink enough fluids/water
Rest in cool and airy places
Wear lightweight clothing in hot and humid weather
What is constipation?
Infrequent bowel movements or difficulty in passing stools
What is the risk factor for constipation?
Inadequate consumption of dietary fibre and fluids
What is the prevention for constipation?
Consume dietary fibre-rich food and sufficient fluid/water
What is the definition of otseoporosis?
Low bone density and weakened bone strength
What are some risk factors in otseoporosis?
Diet low in vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus, Phyiscal inactivity and a lack of exposure to the sun. Women are more likley to develop otseoporosis as they have smaller, thinner bones
What are some preventions of osteoporosis?,
Consume food rich in calcium, phosphorus and Vitamin D
Stay physically active
Sufficient exposure to sunlight /
What is Anaemia?
When red blood cell count is lower than normal
