Diet And Digestion

Question 1

What 5 things are necessary for life?

Answer 1

Food
Water
Warmth
Shelter
Oxygen

Question 2

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

Sunlight+carbon dioxide+water=oxygen+glucose

Question 3

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 3

A balanced diet is a diet containing components listed below in the correct proportions.

Question 3

Why do we need carbohydrates?

Answer 3

We need carbohydrates for energy and you find it in Potatoes, pasta, sugary foods.

Question 4

Why do we need protein?

Answer 4

For muscles and growth. Found in diary products, red meat, chicken fish.

Question 5

Why do we need fat?

Answer 5

For energy and insulation. Found in butter and cream.

Question 6

Why do we need fibre?

Answer 6

To prevent constipation. Found in brown rice, brown bread and cereal.

Question 7

Why do we need Water?

Answer 7

It allows chemical reactions to occur. It’s found in most foods.

Question 8

Why do we need vitamin c?

Answer 8

To prevent scurvy. Found in citrus fruits.

Question 9

Why do we need vitamin D?

Answer 9

It’s needed to prevent scurvy.

Question 10

Why do we need calcium?

Answer 10

For healthy teeth and bones.

Question 11

Why do we need iron?

Answer 11

O make haemoglobin for carrying oxygen. It’s found in red meat.

Question 12

What is starvation?

Answer 12

A severe reduction in vitamin, nutrient and energy intake. I.e not enough food.

Question 13

What is malnutrition?

Answer 13

“The lack of sufficient nutrients to maintain healthy boldly functions.”

Question 14

What is the test for starch?

Answer 14

Add iodine solution.If starch is present the colour will change from orange to blue/black.

Question 15

What is the test for Sugars?

Answer 15

Benedictus solution. Heat is needed. If sugars are present the colour will change from blue to brick red.

Question 16

What is the test for protein?

Answer 16

Biurets test. Heat is not needed. The colour should change from clear to purple.

Question 17

What is the test for vitamin c?

Answer 17

DCPIP is used. Heat is not needed. The colour should change from blue to colours.

Question 18

What are the four types of tooth and what are their function?

Answer 18

Incisor: For Biting: 8 of them.
Canine:For tearing: 4 of them.
Premolar: Biting and chewing: 8 of them.
Molar:Chewing: 12 of them.

Question 19

What are the two types of dental disease?

Answer 19

1. Gum disease

2. Tooth decay (dental caries)

Question 20

What is the equation for tooth decay?

Answer 20

Sugar(+plaque&bacteria)➡Acid➡Tooth decay

Question 21

What are the 3 main ways of preventing tooth decay?

Answer 21

1.Avoiding/reducing sugar intake

Question 22

What is the large intestine also known as?

Answer 22

The colon.

Question 23

What are the two parts of the small intestine known as?

Answer 23

The duodenum and the ileum.

Question 24

What is digestion and what is its function?

Answer 24

The basic function of digestion is to break down large molecules into small molecules which are absorbed into the blood and transported around the body.The small molecules are used by the body's cells for growth, energy and repair.

Question 25

Define physical digestion.

Answer 25

Physically breaking down food into smaller pieces (e.g chewing) by teeth and contractions of the stomach. Increases surface area of food available to enzymes.

Question 26

Define chemical digestion.

Answer 26

Digestive enzymes break large food molecules into smaller,simpler molecules.

Question 27

What is peristalsis?

Answer 27

Food travels through the digestive system from mouth to anus by peristalsis. Peristalsis occurs when muscle contracts behind the ball of food, pushing it along.

Question 28

What part of our diet is important in helping peristalsis and preventing constipation?

Answer 28

Fibre.

Question 29

What are the five steps of feeding?

Answer 29

1. Ingestion- food taken into the gut via the mouth. 2. Digestion- food is broken down into small, soluble substances. 3. Absorption- products of digestion taken into blood and transported around the body. 4. Assimilation- products of digestion are taken from blood into cells. 5. Egestion- waste material is passed through the anus.