Diet and Cancer Flashcards
What is the leading cause of death in Canada (male and female)?
Lung cancer
This step in the development of cancer involves the mutation to DNA.
Initiating step
This step in the development of cancer involves the division and accumulation of initiated cells and a lag time of 10-30 years.
Promotion
This step in the development of cancer involves a RAPID increase in size and mutations with mestastatic potential and is now able to be identified.
Progression
This step in the development of cancer involves the invasion of surrounding tissues and spread.
Metastasis
This type of factor affects the risk.
Genetic factor
This type of factor involves the recognition of a tumour.
Immune factors
What are some immune factors that does not involve age?
Immunorepressive drugs and viral infections
This type of factor involves exposure to radiation and sun, water and air pollution, smoking, and lack of physical activity.
Environmental factors
Dietary factors that involve carcinogens affect which step of the development of cancer?
Initiation
Dietary factors that involve fats such as omega-6 fatty acids and pro-inflammatory properties act as which step of development of cancer?
Promoters
What is a dietary antipromoter?
Fruits and vegetables, fiber, and phytochemicals
To reduce cancer risk, a diet rich in ______ is recommended, as well as ______ hour(s) of exercise daily and limiting yourself to _______ drink(s)/day for men and ______ drink(s)/day in women.
plant-based foods; 1; 2; 1
How many servings of whole grains, legumes, and starchy vegetables is recommended for reducing cancer risk? What about other vegetables and fruit?
> 7 servings; 5-10 servings
How are heterocyclic amines formed? What happens when ingested?
HCAs are formed when charring, burning or grilling over high temperatures; HCAs are mutagenic, so they can mutate DNA and initiate genetic damage.
