Dickinson packet Flashcards
Freedom summer
1964
voter registration project in Mississippi, civil rights
Greensboro sit-ins
1960s
Black college students sat in at Woolworth and demanded to be served
U2 incident
1960
U2 spy plane shot down in Soviet land bad
relationship with Soviets
Detente
1967
French word for release of tension from, Cold War
Warren G Harding
1920s
29th president of the United States many criminal activities in his cabinet he wanted to return to normalcy after World War I
Henry Ford
1920s
Creator of Ford Motor Company started the assembly line
Sacco and Vanzetti
1921
Italians convicted of murder trial took place during the red scare many prejudices against them
Marcus Garvey
1920s
civil rights activist founded the Universal Negro improvement Association & African community league
Agricultural adjustment administration
1930s
controlled supply of crops to support supply and demand balance
new deal program
helped farmers get enough money for a living
Phony war
1939 through 1940
Seemed as if nothing was going on in Europe
Congress of industrial organization
1938
organized Americans industrial workers created by John L Lewis
Brain trust
1930s
a group of advisers to help FDR in his campaign election
Alger Hiss
1940s
accused of being Soviet spy convicted of perjury
NSC 68
1940s
National Security Council
shaped US foreign-policy during cold war
military over diplomatic action
NATO
1949
intergovernmental military alliance based on North Atlantic Treaty
Casablanca conference
1943
made allies with some of Europe during World War II
Franklin D Roosevelt and Winston Churchhill
American colonization Society
1816
attempt to make a group in America content
slaves and free
consisted mostly of Quakers and evangelicals
Missouri compromise
1820s
regulated slavery in Western territory
Tariff of abominations
1820s
designed to protect northern US industry
South against it because it didn’t help their economy
South Carolina exposition
1828
document that protested the tariff of 1828
American Federation of labor
1880s
first Federation of labor union alliances of craft union in Columbus Ohio
Dawes act
1887
allowed president to survey Indian land
Baby boomers
1946 through 1964
post World War II generation
Sputnik
1950s
artificial Earth satellite
Soviets launched it creating the “space race”
Beat generation
1950s
post World War II writers
beat culture: innovation, drugs, alternative sexuality, rejection of materialism
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
1953
Americans executed for being blamed of passing info about the atomic bomb
Bank of the United States
1791
first bank of the United States supported by Hamilton
Virginia Kentucky resolutions
1790s
states have the right to decide acts from Congress unconstitutional.
XYZ affair
1797
confrontation of US and France that led to the quasi-war
Whiskey rebellion
1790s
protest against the whiskey tax
first tax on domestic product
Jay Treaty
1794
between US and Britain solve problems to avert wars
created 10 years of peaceful trade
Spoils system
1830s
Andrew Jackson put his supporters in office
uneducated, poor Westerners
Bank war
1829 to 1837
political issue against the second bank of the US
Second great awakening to
1830s
Protestant revival movement
Thomas Paine
common sense
1776
pamphlet that challenge authority of British government
Intolerable acts
1774
acts to punish Massachusetts colonists for their riot of throwing tea into Boston Harbor
Boston tea party
1773
political protest against British rule
Bay of Pigs
1960s
failed military invasion of Cuba
Malcolm X
1960s
civil rights activist, minister
War on poverty
1964
legislation to respond to high national poverty
Henry George
progress and poverty
1879
book went into depth of the cause of the industrial depression and increase of want and wealth
Boxer rebellion
1890s
Anti-imperialist uprising in China
Coxey’s army
1894
Unemployed protesters March took place at DC
Chautauqua movement
1870s
adult education movement traveled and gave informational and cultural presentations
Freedmen’s Bureau
1870s
helped former slaves in south
Battle of Little Big Horn
1876
battle of US against Indians
Boss Tweed
1870s boss of a political machine American politician controlled Tammany Hall stealing, cheating, unfair
League of Nations
1910
organization created after World War I to resolve international disputes
The great compromise
1787
compromise that large and small states agreed on specific representation and legislative structure
Virginia New Jersey plans
1780s
one vote per state population
Disestablishment
1780s
separation of church and state
Treaty of Paris
1783
peace treaty between France and US
Creel committee
1917
committee of public info
influenced public opinion about US and World War I participation
Article X
1919
assistance to others experiencing aggression signed by many peacemakers
Cult of domesticity
1860s
value system that emphasize new ideas of femininity
Manifest destiny
1860s
belief America is meant to expand
James K Polk
1860s
foreign-policy successes 11th president pre-Civil War
Lucretia Mott
1860s
American Quaker, abolitionist, women’s rights activist, social reformer
Fugitive slave law
1850 escape slaves must be returned to owners
Gadsden purchase
1850s
US and Mexico, paid $10 million for land for the transcontinental railroad
Bleeding Kansas
1854
violent confrontation if the Kansas territory should be free or slave
Emancipation Proclamation
1863
proclaimed freedom of slaves in 10 states still in rebellion
Trent affair
1860s
Diplomatic crisis between US and Britain during Civil War
Homestead act
1862 gives people land with little to no cost
Quota system
1920s
system limiting number of immigrants allowed into US
Cultural isolation
1920s
doesn’t care to interact with other countries or has limited interaction
Harlem Renaissance
1920s
new African-American cultural expression across urban areas
Japanese internment
1940s
US government ordered removal of Japanese-Americans
Japanese that lived on Pacific Coast sent to internment camps
Fair deal
1940s
proposal to aid education
Truman doctrine
1940s
stop Soviet expansion during Cold War
Yalta conference
1940s
World War II meeting discussed Europe’s postwar reconstruction
Fair labor standards act
1938
established a minimum wage, overtime, hours, etc.
New deal
1930s
a series of domestic programs in US
Bonus March
1932
bonus army wanted more attention from President Hoover
21st amendment
1930s
repealed Prohibition
Montgomery bus boycott
1950s
buses in Alabama protest against segregated seating
Eisenhower doctrine
1950s
country could request US economic assistance or aid from military forces
Korean War
1952 1953
North and South tension because Soviets interfering with communism
Lincoln Douglas debate
1858
seven debates for senate of Illinois would later affect Lincolns presidential election positively
Freeport doctrine
1858
created by Stephen Douglas and his support for slavery despite courts ruling
Uncle Tom’s cabin
1850s
Anti-slavery novel
Mercantilism
1760s
economic theory dominant in Europe promoted government to regulate nations economy
Salutary neglect
1760s
policy to avoid strict enforcement of parliamentary laws
Back to Africa movement
1910s
encouraged African descendants to move back to Africa
Stephen Douglas
1850s
Politician from Illinois designed Kansas Nebraska act, US Senator
Popular sovereignty
1950s people on state decided if it was a slave or free state
Ostend manifesto
1954
rational for US purchasing Cuba from Spain
US would declare war if Spain denied
America first committee
1940s
non-interventionist group against US going into World War II
National Labor Relations act
1940s
guarantees basic rights of private sector employees to organize into trade unions
Good and bad trusts
1900s
Theodore Roosevelt believed there were good and bad trust
He tried to eliminate the bad trusts
Square deal
1900s
Roosevelt’s domestic program: conservation of resource,s control of corporations, consumer protection
Marshall plan
1940s
aid to Europe US gave 13 billion to help rebuild economy
Berlin airlift
1940s
first international crisis of Cold War Soviet blocked access to Berlin
G.I. Bill of Rights
1940s
Provided benefits for World War II veterans
Jackie Robinson
1940s
First African-American in MLB for dodgers
Watergate
1972
political scandal about break-in at national Democratic committee Nixon denied it
Abolitionists
People Who supported movement to remove slavery and discrimination
Kellogg- Briand pact
1928
international agreement which states promise not to use war to resolve conflicts and disputes
Kansas Nebraska act
1850s
created territories of Kansas and Nebraska open new lands for settlements
Antebellum
1850s
Occuring before a particular war especially American Civil War
Underground railroad
1850s
network of trails routes and safe houses for escaping slaves
National origins act
1924
Limited annual amount of immigrants allowed into the US
Ku Klux Klan
1930s
Racist group of people who attacked many different people of different beliefs and race
Louis and Clark
1804
first expedition to cross western portion of the US
Judicial review
1800s
action are subject to review by the judiciary
Little Rock school crisis
1950s
students prevented from entering racially segregated schools
National Defense education act
1950s
funds to US education at all levels
Dynamic conservatism
1950s
Eisenhower’s approach:
conservative to money
liberal to people
Loose/strict constructionism
1790s
Strict: Congress should exercise few implied powers
loose: Congress should exercise many implied powers
Cottongin/Eli Whitney
1790s
brought back slavery
Bill of rights
1790s
first 10 amendments to U.S. Constitution
Alien and sedition acts
1798
results of French revolution created to strengthen national security
Embargo act
1807
made it illegal to export from the United States
Louisiana purchase
1803
accusation of Louisiana territory from France
Impressment
1800s
taking men into Navy without any notice
Universal Negro improvement Association
1920s
Worked to conserve rights for African-Americans and to uplift the race
Teapot Dome/elk Hills scandals
1920s
Albert fall found guilty of excepting a bribe while in office
Margaret Sanger
1920s
birth-control, activist, feminist, nurse
John F. Kennedy
New frontier
1960s
campaign program in election of 1960 promised neutralized economy
Cuban missile crisis
1962
International crisis, closest to nuclear war
“40 acres and a mule”
1860s
a concept for former slaves they could have 40 acres and a mule after the war
Crop lien system
1860s
credit system used by cotton farmers
Granger laws
1860s
midwestern laws that regulated fair prices of railroad and grain elevator companies
Erie Canal
1820s
main transportation breakthrough
Morill land-grant act
1862 provided grants of land to states to finance colleges
National banking act
1863 and 1864
establish system for banks, development of national currency
Bonus march
1930
veterans demanded pay for their service
Populist party
1890s
short-lived party highly critical of capitalism
New nationalism
1912
Theodore Roosevelt progressive political philosophy during 1912 election
Insurgents revolt
1910s
Cuban rebellion against Spanish rule yellow press
Interstate commerce act
1887
regulated railroad industry
Mugwumps
1880s
a person who remains independent, Republican political activist, supported Democrat Grover Cleveland
Webster Ashburton Treaty
1840s
resolved border issues between US and North British American colonies
Oregon territory
1840s
added to US previously owned by many countries
Palmer raids
1919
attempt to capture and the rest anarchism in the US
Panama Canal
Canal that connects Pacific and Atlantic Ocean
Golf of Tonkin resolution
1964
allowed President Johnson to take any measures he believed were necessary in Southeast Asia
Great Society
1960s
President Johnson’s ideas of forming a “great Society”
Peace corps
1960s
a volunteer program people go to other countries to help
Chinese exclusion act
1880s
excluded Chinese immigrants from coming into the US
Great awakening
1730s
religious revival in America
James Oglethorpe
1730s
social of former hope to resettle Britain’s poor in the colony of Georgia
George Whitefield
1730s
Anglican Cleric helped spread the great awakening
City on a hill
Speech to show that the first pilgrims had to set an example to prove they can achieve what they wanted
Progressive movement
1900s
rapid industrialization economy social movement
Free soilers
1840s
freeman on Freesoil was the movement of the party
Mexican American war
1840s
armed conflict on border/territory issues
No taxation without representation
1760s
the pilgrims didn’t want to be taxed if they were not going to be represented
Sugar act
1764
tariffs and taxes on sugar molasses act
Stamp act
1765
imposed direct tax on colonies of British America
Quartering act
1760s
provided British soldiers with any needed accommodations are housing food as well
Pinicky treaty
1795
Established intensions between US and Spain
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago
1848
added land to the US near Arizona California Colorado Nevada etc.
Seneca Falls convention
1840s
First women’s rights convention
Servicemen’s readjustment act
1944
provided range of benefits for returning World War II veterans
United Nations
1945
promoted international cooperation
Settlement house movement
1890s
perform a social movement goal of getting rich and poor in society to live more closely together
Atlanta compromise
1895
agreement between African-American leaders and southern white liters
3/5 compromise
1787
compromise that stated in African-American would stand as 3/5 as a person for population
Northwest ordinance
1780s
act of Congress of confederation of United States territory northwest of the Ohio River
Shays rebellion
1786
protest American farmers again state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt
Jim Crow laws
1880s
Racial segregation state and local laws and acted after reconstruction such as literacy tests
Social Darwinism
1880s
applied natural selection and survival of the fittest into society
Spanish American war
1898
conflict started by US intervention in the Cuban war of independence
Yellow journalism
1890s
journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration
Booker T. Washington
1890s
African-American educator, author, orator
Sherman antitrust act
1890
prohibits certain business activities that federal government deem to be anti-competitive
Big stick policy
1901 to 1909
Theodore Roosevelt asserted US domination progressive
Muckrakers
1900s
reform minded journalist who wrote about corruption and social ills
Stamp act Congress
1765
first Congress consisting of representatives from north America British colonies
Nonimportation agreements
1766
no longer import goods resistance to British colonies
Pontiacs rebellion
1763
Native Americans resisting British policy
Gaspee affair
1772
to let up to American Revolution British customs ship was burned after engaging in anti-smuggling
Boston massacre
1770
British army killed five civilians, highly propagandized by patriots
Tea act
1770s
reduce surplus of tea and help struggling economy
Credit Mobilier scandal
1880s
Union Pacific railroad construction company
Upton Sinclair the jungle
1906
novel about horror of meatpacking industry and immigrant struggle in the US
Pure food and drug act
1900s
consumer protection laws
Emilio aguinaldo
Lead Filipino revolution against Spanish assisted with US invasion
Trade and navigation acts
1670s
laws that restricted the use of foreign chips between Britain and its colonies
Bacons rebellion
1670s
armed rebellion by Virginia settlers
Halfway covenant
1670s
partial church membership created by New England
Trail of tears
1830s
Andrew Jackson Indian removal policy
Nullification
1830s
state has right to nullify any federal law
Hartford convention
1810s
meeting of anti-Federalist party
Treaty of Ghent
1812
ended war of 1812
Federal Trade Commission
1914
promotes consumer protection
Keating Owen child labor act
1910s
prohibited sales from companies that had children working under 14
Treaty of Versailles
1910s
French peace treaty at end of World War I
Bullmoose party
1910s
Progressive party wanted to progress Theodore Roosevelt
Triangle shirt waist fire
1911
New York City deadliest industrial disaster in history of the city
Volstead act
1910
prohibited intoxicating beverages
14 points
1910s
points used as a blueprint for world peace used for peace negotiations
Vietnamization
Nixon policy to and US involvement in Vietnam war
War Powers act
1941
increased federal power in World War II
Kent State
1940s
college students protesting invasion of Cambodia got killed
Force act
1830s
protected African-Americans right to vote
Independent treasury
1830s
system for retaining government funds in US treasury
Specie circular
1836
Andrew Jackson said government land had to be paid and gold and silver
Pullman strike
1894
strike American railroad union against pullman company
Scalawags
Southern whites who supported Reconstruction and anti-slavery
Mayflower compact
First governing document of Plymouth colony
Great Puritan migration
Puritans move to new England to start land where they could express religion
Roger Williams
Religious freedom separation of church and state
Seawards folly
1860s
Alaska purchased from Russia
“Long hot summers”
1964
White police man shot younger black child violence rippled across America