Diarrhoea Flashcards
non-inflammatory diarrhoea would be what symptoms?
frequent watery stools with little abdomen pain
rehydration mainstay of therapy
inflammatory diarrhoea would be what symptoms?
pain and fever
usually bacterial infection
assessing patient with diarrhoea (questions)
symptoms and its duration
risk of food poisoning
assess hydration
inflammation
investigation for diarrhoea
stool culture
blood culture
renal function
blood count
abdominal X-ray or CT scan if it is distended
differentials for diarrhoea
IBD
spurious (secondary to constipation)
carcinoma
gastroenteritis treatment
rehydration with salt/sugar solution
IV saline
causes of bacterial diarrhoea
campylobacter gastroenteritis
salmonella gastroenteritis
E.coli
Shigella
Clostridiode difficle
what is the most common cause of bacterial food poisoning?
campylobacter
how do you test for a bacterial infection?
stool culture
blood culture
what is haemolytic uraemic syndrome?
most common cause of acute renal failure in children
small vessels in the kidneys are inflamed - causes clots to form in the vessels (therefore kidney failure)
how can you get HUS?
from a toxin (e.coli)
symptoms of HUS
abdominal pain
bloody diarrhoea
fever
seizures
lethargy
clinical signs of HUS (TRIAD)
thrombocytopenia
haemolytic anaemia
renal insufficiency
how do you treat Clostridiodes difficle diarrhoea?
metronidazole
vancomycin!!
stool transplants
surgery
who is at risk of Clostridiodes difficle
those who have been on antibiotics recently
