Diarrhoea Flashcards
What are the treatment for travelers diarrhea
Bismuth subsalicylate 525 mg every 30 minutes up to 8 doses
Or
Loperamide 4 mg orally initially & then 2 mg with each subsequent
loose stool : maximum 16 mg/da
+
Ciprofloxacin 500mg po X 3 days
Or
Norfloxacin 400 mg po od x 3 days
How do you treat diarrhea in pregnancy
Bactrim DS bd x 3 days + Erythromycin.
What are some of the preventative measure for diarrhea in children
Improve water, sanitation, and hygiene practices
▪Promote effective nutritional practices.
▪Breastfeed only -when possible
▪Vaccines e.g. New vaccine, RotaTeq®, marketed by Merck & Co., Inc., is a live, oral vaccine for preventing rotavirus disease.
How do you treat diarrhea in children
Oral rehydration salt
Dissolve 1 sachet in 1 leter of bottle water and sip over 30 minutes
Give infant 1tsp every 1 to 2 min
Or
Pedialite
When do you reffer to doctor if the child has diarreoh
Fever
Vomiting
Blood in stool
High risk of dehydration especially under 6 years
Signs of sever dehydration
Any other underlining condition
Name the group of persons that should not take pepto bismol
Persons that had ulsa
Pregnancy
Children < 2 - Reye syndrome
Allergic to aspirin
History of viral Illness- Reye syndrome .
What are your non pharmalogical advice for diarrhoea
ORS
Eat food low in fiber
Avoid spicy food , coffein , milk product
Eat bland food - BRAT diet
Banana Rice Apple Sauce Tost
Practice good hygiene
Why do we Caution with treating Diarrhea in Pregnancy
Because diarrhea my be a sign of prelabour
How do we treat sever diarrhea
Iv fluid
Ringer lactate or normal saline
What are other drugs used to treat Diarrhea
Imodium ( loperamide )
2 tablets (4mg) stat, then 2mg after each loose stool
Not to exceed 16mg/day
Lomotil (2.5mg Diphenoxylate /0.025mg atropine sulfate)
Codeine phosphate
4 tabs stat then 1-2 tablets 4 times a day
15-30mg bid or tid
Not to exceed 8 tablets/day
Bacterial replacements Lactobacillus Acidophillus
Adsorbents- Attapulgite, Kaolin-pectin
Adsorbents- Attapulgite, Kaolin-pectin
Name the anti motility drugs and MOA and side effects
Imodium ( loperamide ) -
act on the mu receptor in the gut and slow motility it’s a opioids . Side effects … constipation , dry mouth , drowsiness .
Limitil ( diphenoxylate /atropine ) 5/0.05 mg
Atropine - anticholinergic drug
Diphenoxylate - act like opioids
Dry mouth and constipation
Give example of adsorbents how they work and side effect
Kaolin pectin
Absorbed water and toxin in the stool make the stool harder
In May absorb essential nutrients and medication
Name an ANTI Secretory agent in diarrhea
Pepto Bismol ( Bismuth Subsaliculate )
Anti inflammatory and bacterial properties .
Don’t give to
Pregnant
Children less than 2 for the kids and 12 for the adult
Child having or recovering from a viral illness ( COVID) - Reyes Syndrome ( vomit , disoriented , increase liver enzyme )
How do you advice a patient to take probiotics —-
Take with milk or juice or water
