Diarrhea, Constipation, Incontinence

Question 1

What is the etiology for diarrhea?

Answer 1

Question 2

What is the history for diarrhea?

Answer 2

Question 3

What are the diagnostics for diarrhea?

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the treatment for diarrhea?

Answer 4

Question 5

What are some DDx for non-infectious diarrhea?

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the etiology for Abx assoicated diarrhea?

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the history for Abx assoicated diarrhea?

Answer 7

Question 8

What are the diagnostics for Abx assoicated diarrhea?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is the tx/management for Abx associated diarrhea?

Answer 9

Question 10

What is the etiology for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the history for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is the diagnostics (blood/imaging) for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 12

Question 13

What are the diagnostics (stool/fecal) for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 13

Question 14

What procedures can be done for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 14

Question 15

What is the tx/management for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 15

Question 16

What are the DDx for chronic diarrhea?

Answer 16

Question 17

What are the pathogens that are the most commonly associated with chronic diarrhea?

Answer 17

Protozoans (Giardia, E histolytica)

Intestinal nematodes (strongyloidiasis stercoralis - endemic regions + eosinophilia)

Bacteral (C diff)

Immunocompromised pts/AIDs related (CMV, HIV, C diff, mycobacterium avium complex, cryptosprodium)

Question 18

The presence of nocturnal diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, or positive results on fecal occult blood test (FOBT) are inconsistent with which common causes?

Answer 18

IBS, medications and lactase deficiency/intolerance

Warrant further evaluation

Question 19

What are some DDx for chronic (osmotic) diarrhea?

Answer 19

Meds, IBS, lactase deficiency, chronic infectios, malabsorptive conditions, pseudodiarrhea/overflow (stool) incontinence/fecal impaction

Question 20

What are some common meds that cause chronic diarrhea?

Answer 20

NSAIDs, metformin, cholinesterase inhibitors, SSRIs, allopurinol

Question 21

What is the etiology for IBS?

Answer 21

Question 22

What is the Hx for IBS?

Answer 22

Question 23

What are the diagnostics for IBS?

Answer 23

Question 24

What is the tx/management for IBS?

Answer 24

Question 25

What are the alarm sx for diarrhea?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is the etiology for lactase deficiency?

Answer 26

Question 27

What is the Hx/PE for lactase deficiency?

Answer 27

Question 28

What are the diagnostics for lactase deficiency?

Answer 28

Question 29

What is the tx/management for lactase deficiency?

Answer 29

Question 30

What is the etiology for C diff infection (Abx associated colitis)?

Answer 30

Question 31

What is the Hx/PE for C diff infection (Abx associated colitis)?

Answer 31

Question 32

What are the diagnostics for C diff infection?

Answer 32

Question 33

What is the tx/management for C diff infection?

Answer 33

Question 34

What are the complications associated with C diff infections?

Answer 34

Question 35

What is the etiology for malabsorption?

Answer 35

Question 36

What is the Hx/PE for malabsorption?

Answer 36

Question 37

What are the diagnostics for for malabsorption syndromes?

Answer 37

Question 38

What is the tx/management for malabsorption syndromes?

Answer 38

Question 39

What is the etiology for celiac disease (aka sprue, celiac sprue, gluten enteropathy)?

Answer 39

Question 40

What is the Hx/PE for celiac disease?

Answer 40

Question 41

What are the diagnostics for celiac disease?

Answer 41

Question 42

What is the tx/management for celiac disease?

Answer 42

Question 43

What is the etiology for bile salt malabsorption?

Answer 43

Question 44

What is the Hx/PE for bile salt malabsorption?

Answer 44

Question 45

What are the diagnostics for bile salt malabsorption?

Answer 45

Question 46

What is the tx/management for bile salt malabsorption?

Answer 46

Question 47

What is the etiology for Whipple disease?

Answer 47

Question 48

What is the Hx/PE for Whipple disease?

Answer 48

Question 49

What are the diagnostics for Whipple disease?

Answer 49

Question 50

What is the tx/management for Whipple disease?

Answer 50

Question 51

What is the prognosis for Whipple disease?

Answer 51

Question 52

What is overflow diarrhea?

Answer 52

Severe constipation –> only contents that gets by is liquid

Elderly/nursing home pts

Fecal impaction that is readily detectable by rectal examination

Question 53

What is pseudo-diarrhea?

Answer 53

Frequent passage of small volumes of stool

Often associated with rectal urgency, tenesmus, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation

Accompanies IBS or proctitis

Question 54

What is fecal incontinence?

Answer 54

Involuntary discharge of rectal contents

Casued by neuromuscular disorders or structural anorectal problems

Diarrhea and urgency, especially if severe, may aggravate or cause incontinence

Question 55

What is the etiology for constipation?

Answer 55

Question 56

What is the Hx/PE for constipation?

Answer 56

Question 57

What are the diagnostics for constipation?

Answer 57

Question 58

What is the tx/management for constipation?

Answer 58

Question 59

What are some causes of constipation in adults?

Answer 59

Question 60

What is this Xray finding associated with?

Answer 60

Constipation

Marble-ish opaque densities in the colon

Question 61

What is the etiology for fecal impaction?

Answer 61

Question 62

What is the Hx/PE for fecal impaction?

Answer 62

Question 63

What are the diagnostics for fecal impaction?

Answer 63

Question 64

What is the tx/management for fecal impaction?

Answer 64

Question 65

What are complications associated with chronic laxative use?

Answer 65