Dialysis Flashcards
what are the 2 requirements for peritoneal dialysis (PD)?
- functional peritoneal cavity
- ability of pt/caregiver to manage exchanges
what are the disadvantages of PD?
- swimming/bathing not recommended
- inc clot/infection risk
what are the advantages of PD?
OP procedure, no needles
what are the 3 types of vascular access with intermittent hemodialysis (HD)?
- tunneled hemodialysis catheter
- AV fistula (AVF)
- Arteriovenous graft (AVG)
how much fluid is replaced per session with HD?
2-3 L
how often do pts receive HD?
3-4 hours, 3-4 days/week
what are the advantages of a vas cath?
- quick placement
- used immediately
- OP procedure
what are the disadvantages of a vas cath?
- may damage central veins, can only be used temporarily
- inc length of HD tx
- bathing/swimming not recommended
- potential infection and catheter clotting
what are the advantages of AVF?
- can function for years
- infection and clotting less likely
what are the disadvantages of AVF?
- may require another temporary access while fistula heals (this can take a long time or may never heal)
- maturation can be delayed or fail
- needles required to access AVF
when is an AVG done?
if AVF doesn’t heal
what are the advantages of AVG?
- ready to use in 3-4 weeks
- easy to implant
- OP procedure
what are the disadvantages of AVG?
- not as long-lasting as AVF
- needles required to access graft
- prone to clotting
what are the advantages of CRRT?
- can be used for less stable pts
- avoids rapid fluid and electrolyte shift
what are the disadvantages of CRRT?
- low clearance rate vs HD
- more intensive anticoagulation therapy
- pt immobilized for long periods of time
