Diagnostic Radiology Flashcards
***Contents of the mediastinal division
Superior: Thymus, Oesophagus, SVC, Aortic arch, Thoracic duct
Inferior:
Anterior: Internal thoracic artery, Inferior thymus
Middle: Heart, Ascending aorta, Bifurcation and Main bronchi, lower SVC
Posterior: Descending thoracic aorta, hemiazygos veins, inferior oesophagus, Thoracic duct
CT scan
Oxygenated blood: bright white
Deoxygenated blood: dull grey
Echo and Nuclear NPI
Short axis: transverse plane (打橫切)
Long axis: longitudinal plane (打直切): LV, RV在右
Nuclear NPI: short axis, vertical long axis, horizontal long axis
—> 17 left ventricular segment
—> coronary artery territories: LAD (左上), RCA(左下), LCX(右)
Aortic root 3 components
- Sinotubular junction
- Sinus of Valsalva
- Aortic annulus
3 coronary cusps: LCC, RCC, NCC (non-coronary cusp: no coronary artery arise)
Chest X-ray
Visible:
- Air-filled structures
- trachea
- lung - Soft tissue
- heart
- diaphragm
- breast - Bones
- ribs
- scapulae
Not visible:
- Air-filled structure
- oesophagus - Soft tissue
- aorta
- pleura - Bones
- sternum
Hilar point
Angle formed by:
- Descending upper lobe vein
- Lower lobe pulmonary artery
(Hilum低過level of carina!!!)
Level of carina: T4-T5, sternal angle, attachment of 2nd rib
Cardiac MRI
2 chamber view: LA, LV, mitral valve
3 chamber view: LA, LV, RV, mitral valve, aortic valve, aortic root
4 chamber view: LA, LV, RV, RA