Diagnostic Radiology

Question 1

***Contents of the mediastinal division

Answer 1

Superior: Thymus, Oesophagus, SVC, Aortic arch, Thoracic duct

Inferior:
Anterior: Internal thoracic artery, Inferior thymus
Middle: Heart, Ascending aorta, Bifurcation and Main bronchi, lower SVC
Posterior: Descending thoracic aorta, hemiazygos veins, inferior oesophagus, Thoracic duct

Question 2

CT scan

Answer 2

Oxygenated blood: bright white

Deoxygenated blood: dull grey

Question 3

Echo and Nuclear NPI

Answer 3

Short axis: transverse plane (打橫切)
Long axis: longitudinal plane (打直切): LV, RV在右

Nuclear NPI: short axis, vertical long axis, horizontal long axis
—> 17 left ventricular segment
—> coronary artery territories: LAD (左上), RCA(左下), LCX(右)

Question 4

Aortic root 3 components

Answer 4

1. Sinotubular junction
2. Sinus of Valsalva
3. Aortic annulus

3 coronary cusps: LCC, RCC, NCC (non-coronary cusp: no coronary artery arise)

Question 5

Chest X-ray

Answer 5

Visible:

1. Air-filled structures
   - trachea
   - lung
2. Soft tissue
   - heart
   - diaphragm
   - breast
3. Bones
   - ribs
   - scapulae

Not visible:

1. Air-filled structure
   - oesophagus
2. Soft tissue
   - aorta
   - pleura
3. Bones
   - sternum

Question 6

Hilar point

Answer 6

Angle formed by:

• Descending upper lobe vein
• Lower lobe pulmonary artery

(Hilum低過level of carina!!!)
Level of carina: T4-T5, sternal angle, attachment of 2nd rib

Question 7

Cardiac MRI

Answer 7

2 chamber view: LA, LV, mitral valve
3 chamber view: LA, LV, RV, mitral valve, aortic valve, aortic root
4 chamber view: LA, LV, RV, RA