Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards
What are the two things we are interested in assessing when interpreting a stress test?
Functional capacity (MET) \+ ST-segment changes (1mm or greater of horizontal down sloping ST depression in 3 consecutive beats)
What is considered an abnormal or positive stress test?
- ST segment depression
- Exercise induced anginal pain
- Exercise induced hypotension
What does one assess for a positive stress echo test?
Wall motion abnormalities
What does one assess for a positive stress radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging test?
Presence of perfusion defects indicates flow limiting obstructive coronary artery disease
Echocardiography:
When assessing for left ventricular hypertrophy, what wall thickness is considered to define left ventricular hypertrophy?
>12mm
Echocardiography:
The best view to assess the aortic valve is the parasternal short-axis view.
How may cusps does the aortic valve have?
How does the aortic valve appear in this view?
3 cusps, peace sign
Echocardiography:
Size of…
Normal aortic valve area: ?
Severe aortic stenosis dx: ?
Normal aortic valve area: ~4cm2
Severe aortic stenosis dx: <1cm2
Echocardiography:
A good view to assess the mitral valve is the parasternal short-axis view. How does the mitral valve appear in this view?
Like the mouth of a fish
How is Doppler useful in echocardiography?
Used to interrogate velocity of blood flow through the heart.
Turbulent flow: Multicolored mosaic pattern.
Regurgitant lesions: Blood moves rapidly and opposite to expected direction of flow.
Stenotic lesions: Blood flow acceleration. Transvalvular gradient. Valve area.
What directions do the colors on Doppler correspond to?
Blue - Away
Red - Towards
What does a yellow Doppler signal indicate?
Flow at higher velocities (usually greater than 1m/s) is displayed in a yellow-white. Flow direction is not differentiated. Increased flow velocity in a narrowed vessel segment.
