Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Diagnostic and Surgical Procedures > Flashcards

Diagnostic and Surgical Procedures Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

assessment techniques

A

sequence of procedures designed to evaluate the health status of a patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

auscultation

A

listening to the heart, bowel, and lungs with or without a stethoscope to assess the presence and quality of sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

inspection

A

general observation of patient as a whole, progressing to specific body areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

percussion

A

tapping a body structure with the hand or fingers to assess consistency and the presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

endoscopy

A

visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

blood chemistry analysis

A

lab test, usually performed on serum, to determine biochemical imbalances, abnormalities, and nutritional conditions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

complete blood count (CBC)

A

broad screening test used to evaluate red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets to determine anemias, infections, and other diseases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

imaging technique that rotates an x-ray emitter around the area to be evaluated and measures the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fluoroscopy

A

technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in continuous motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce hightly detailed, multiplanar, cross-sectional views of soft tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

nuclear scan

A

technique in which a radioactive material (radiopharmaceutical) called a tracer is introduced into the body (inhaled, ingested, or injected), and a specialized camera (gamma camera) produces images of organs and structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

positron emission tomography

A

computed tomography records the positrons (positively charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical to produce a cross-sectional image of the metabolic activity of the body tissues to determine the presence of disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

radiography

A

technique in which x-rays are passed through the body or area and captured on a film to generate an image; also called x-ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

single-photon emission computed tomography

A

radiological technique that integrates compound tomography (CT) and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ultrasonography (US)

A

high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) are directed at soft tissue and reflected as “echoes” to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a representative tissue sample from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

excisional

A

biopsy in which the entire lesion is removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

incisional

A

biopsy in which only a small sample of the lesion is removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ablation

A

removal of a body part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

curettage

A

scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

electrocauterization

A

use of an electrically activated instrument to burn and destroy diseased tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

incision and drainage

A

incision made to allow the free flow of fluids and pus from a wound, abscess, or body cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

laser surgery

A

use of a high intensity laser light beam to remove diseased tissues to stop bleeding, or for cosmetic purposes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

revision

A

surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for a previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effect of a previous surgery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

allergy skin test

A

any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient’s sensitivity to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

intradermal

A

skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

patch

A

skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch, which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

scratch

A

skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin; also called puncture test or prick test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

culture and sensitivity

A

lab test to determine the presence of pathogens in patients with suspected wound infections and identify the appropriate drug therapy to which the organism responds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

frozen section (FS)

A

ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

needle

A

removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

punch

A

removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

shave

A

removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Mohs

A

procedure that involves progressive removal and examination of layers of cancer-containing skin until only cancer-free tissue remains; also called micrographic surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

skin graft

A

transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site

37
Q

allograft

A

transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft

38
Q

autograft

A

transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual

39
Q

synthetic

A

transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

40
Q

xenograft

A

transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft

41
Q

chemical peel

A

chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses, also called chemabrasion

42
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue such as tumors, warts, and unwanted cancerous or infected tissue

43
Q

debridement

A

removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

44
Q

fulguration

A

tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current

45
Q

gastrointestinal endoscopy

A

visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using a flexible fiberoptic instrument

46
Q

hepatitis panel

A

panel of blood tests that identifies the specific virus hepA (HAV) hep B (HBV) or hep C (HCV) that is causing hepatitis by testing serum using antibodies to each of these antigens

47
Q

liver function tests (LFTs)

A

group of blood tests that evaluate liver injury, liver function, and conditions commonly associated with the biliary tract

48
Q

serum bilirubin

A

measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood

49
Q

stool culture

A

test to identify microorganisms or parasites present in feces that are causing a gastrointestinal infection

50
Q

stool guaiac

A

test that applies a substances called guaiac to a stool sample to detect the presence of occult (hidden) blood in the feces;

51
Q

lower gastrointestinal series

A

radiographic images of the rectum and colon following administration of barium into the rectum

52
Q

oral cholecystography (OCG)

A

radiographic images taken of the gallbladder after administration of a contrast material containing iodine, usually in the form of a tablet

53
Q

upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS)

A

radiographic images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium

54
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

55
Q

ileorectal

A

surgical connection of the ileum and rectum after total colectomy, as is sometimes performed in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

56
Q

intestinal

A

surgical connection of two portions of the intestines

57
Q

appendectomy

A

excision of a diseased appendix using an open or laparoscopic procedure

58
Q

laparoscopic

A

minimally invasive appendectomy using three small abdominal incisions while monitoring an enlarged image of the surgical site projected on a monitor

59
Q

bariatric surgery

A

group of procedures that treat morbid obesity

60
Q

vertical banded gastroplasty

A

vertical stapling of the upper stomach near the esophagus to reduce it to a small pouch and insertion of a band that restricts food consumption and delays its passage from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness.

61
Q

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)

A

stapling the stomach to decrease size and shortening jejunum and connecting it to the small stomach pouch, causing the base of the duodenum leading from the nonfunctioning portion of the stomach to form a Y configuration, which decreases the pathway of food through the intestine, thus reducing absorption of calories and fats

62
Q

colostomy

A

forms an opening by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place

63
Q

lithotripsy

A

crushing a stone and eliminating its fragments surgically or using ultrasonic shock waves

64
Q

paracentesis

A

remove fluid from the abdomen using a long, thin needle, inserted through the belly; abdomniocentesis

65
Q

polypectomy

A

excision of a polyp

66
Q

nasogastric intubation

A

insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose into the stomach to relieve gastric distention by removing gas, food, or gastric secretions, instill medication, food, or fluids; or obtain a specimen for lab analysis

67
Q

Mantoux test

A

tuberculosis screening test in which an injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is placed just beneath the surface of the skin to identify a previous exposure to tuberculosis

68
Q

oximetry

A

noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hg) saturated with oxygen; pulse oximetry

69
Q

polysomnography

A

test of sleep cycles and stages using electroencephalograms (EEGs)

70
Q

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

series of tests to aid in diagnosis of lung diseases and evaluate effectiveness of treatments

71
Q

spirometry

A

PFT that measures how much and how quickly air moves in and out of the lungs

72
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope

73
Q

laryngoscopy

A

visual examination of larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities

74
Q

mediastinoscopy

A

visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes

75
Q

arterial blood gas (ABG)

A

test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood

76
Q

sputum culture

A

microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias.

77
Q

sweat test

A

measurement of the amount of salt in sweat

78
Q

throat culture

A

test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci

79
Q

ventilation-perfusion

A

nuclear test scan that evaluates airflow and blood flow in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in the lungs

80
Q

pleurectomy

A

excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura

81
Q

pneumonectomy

A

excision of a lung or a portion of the lung, commonly for treatment of cancer

82
Q

septoplasty

A

surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum that is usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures

83
Q

thoracenteseis

A

surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis

84
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted.

85
Q

aerosol therapy

A

lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways

86
Q

antral lavage

A

washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed to respond to medical management

87
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway

88
Q

postural drainage

A

method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs to make breathing easier

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions