diagnosis of mental disorders Flashcards
what are the 4 Ds
danger
distress
dysfunction
deviance
what is danger
Behaviours and feelings that are potentially harmful to and individual or others around them.
this may indicate that intervention is required
give examples of dangerous behaviours
smocking
self harm
Give a strength of dangerous being used as a criteria for diagnosis
Recognising this criteria being prevalent can help to stop or reduce harmful situations the individual may engage in whilst the rest of the diagnosis is taking place
give a weakness of danger being used as a criteria for diagnosis
can lead to the label of those being metally ill as dangerous creating stigma and distortion in the media
what is disress
Negative behaviours and feelings that cause distress to the individual or others
should be treated in isolation
subjective experience
give examples of distress
anger
hypochondiasis
give a strength of distrss being used as a criteria
Useful to the patient who may not realise that they are harming themselves and others in the process.
give a weakness of distress being used as a criteria
Hard to measure due to being based on the individuals own experience and so it becomes subjective.
what is dysfunction
Behaviours and feelings that interfere with a person’s ability to function in daily life, such as hold a job.
what are some examples of dysfunction
major depresive disoder
insomnia
what is a strength of dysfunction as a criteria
Davis (2009) said that it can help in making a decision by matching behaviour and beliefs to the axis of the DSM, in this case, specifically axis 5 “level of function”
what is a weakness of dysfunction as a criteria
It cannot be used a criteria alone as dysfunction can be deliberate and so if a person only shows this criteria but still has a mental disorder, issues with validity can arise.
what is deviance
Behaviours, emotions, and thoughts which differ from social and cultural norms that are seen as unacceptable by society.
what is an example of deviance
paedophillia
theft
