Diagenese Flashcards

1
Q

Hvordan er grænsen mellem diagenese og metamorfose?

A

Løs

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2
Q

Hvad er diagenese?

A

Fysiske, kemiske og biologiske processer, der tilsammen resulterer i transformationen af sediment til en sedimentær sten.

Diagenese kan fortsætte, efter sedimentet er blevet til sten (når ændring af betingelser/kemi gør mineralogien ustabil) = ændrer stenstruktur og -mineralogi

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3
Q

Findes der flere former for diagenese?

A

Ja, 3.

Eogenese
Mesogenese
Telogenese

Huskeregel: alfabetet; E før M før T

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4
Q

Hvad er eogenese?

A

Early diagenesis that occurs between deposition and burial, at or near the surface.

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5
Q

Hvad er mesogenese?

A

Middle-stage diagenesis that occurs after burial.

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6
Q

Hvad er telogenese?

A

Late stage diagenesis that occurs after reexposure of formely buried rocks.

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7
Q

Which seven processes belong to the general category of diagenesis?

A
  • Compaction
  • Recrystallization
  • Solution (including pressure solution)
  • Cementation
  • Authigenesis (neocrystallization)
  • Replacement (including neomorphism)
  • Bioturbation
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8
Q

What is the main vertical change with depth during diagenesis?

A

1) An alteration of smectites to illite via mixed-layer clays of smectite-illite.
2) At slightly higher temperatures and greater depths, kaolinite is replaced by illite and chlorite.

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9
Q

Cement is a major contributor to lithification; what does it consist of?

A

Most commonly: quartz or calcite

What else: feldspars, dolomite, illite, kaolinite, hematite, analcite, anhydrite, and other minerals also serve as cement.

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10
Q

What is karsting?

Hvad er et karstlandskab?

A

The way e.g. grottos are made

Kalkstensunderlaget når frem til overfladen og bliver omformet af bl.a. det rindende vand. Producerer kamme, tårne, sprækker, synkehuller og andre karakteristiske landformer. Floderne har ofte underjordiske løb. Sænkninger bl.a. som følge af nedstyrtninger i underjordiske huler.

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