Diabetic Retinopathy

Question 1

What are the common examination findings?

Answer 1

Depends on stage

Mild pre proliferative - microaneurysms

Moderate pre proliferative - exudates and splinter haemorrhages

Mild pre proliferative - Cotton wool spots and bot and blot haemorrhages

Proliferative - Neovascularization

Question 2

What are the investigations?

Answer 2

To finish the exam i would like to - Perfrom a full cranial nerve and ENT exam and a peripheral vascular exam and urinalysis

By the bed - History, obs

Bloods - FBC, U/E, Glucose, HBAIC, LFTs, lipid profile

Question 3

What are the key investigation findings?

Answer 3

May show uncontrolled diabetic organ damage

Question 4

What is the treatment?

Answer 4

Conservative - Explain what it is and to minimse risk factors so

Smoking

Alcohol

Weight etc and to see GP for yearly checks

MDT team - diabetologist, opthalmologist, GP, diabetic nurst

Medical- Diabetic mangement

Surgical - Neovascularization

Question 5

What are the risk factors?

Answer 5

All the risk factors for diabetes